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How Brown v. Board hasn’t managed to conquer the prom

Race

After reading Jesse’s post about Pat Buchanan’s racist ranting, I had an idea that it was super-duper mega-bad, but really, watching it, it’s exponentially worse than that.  It’s also self-contradictory—-Buchanan claims segregation is the choice of black people and then starts ranting about crime statistics, which is a tacit admission that segregation is actually his preference.  So why is he washing his hands of it? (Because he’s a lying son of a bitch who shouldn’t be allowed on TV without explaining that he’s, say, a creationist.)  The fact that Buchanan gets away with just lying through his teeth like this is maddening.  As Jesse explained, the history of 20th century community growth and demographic shifting makes it clear as day where the responsibility lies.  But it’s not just demographic shifts, white flight, and other trends like that.  In “post-racial” America, we still have plain, old, 1950s-style segregation that goes under-reported in the mainstream media for reasons I don’t fully understand.  Take, for instance, the continuing custom of Southern high schools with segregated proms.  Bet you haven’t heard about that, unless you have some geographic proximity to the problem.  It’s far from the only way that white Southerners have resisted desegregation in the past 54 years since Brown v. the Board of Education*, but it’s one that pops up in the local news on occasion because it’s got a seasonal quality to it.  There’s other, even more under-reported strategies like redistricting schools, using false diagnoses of learning disabilities to get many of the black students sent off to special ed, and even examples of entire neighborhoods seceding and making themselves their own town.  But the prom is the example I’m focusing on now, because so much is made clear in the discourse over it. The reason this is getting into the news now is that the Charleston, Mississippi high school with a segregated prom has been covered in a documentary called “Prom Night in Mississippi”.  The history of the segregated proms really exposes how fundamentally dishonest it is for people like Buchanan to foist the blame onto black people.  I’m sure Buchanan would point out that there’s a black prom at this high school, and that’s all the evidence you need to blame black people for segregation.  But the black prom was, duh, organized because if they didn’t organize it, the black kids wouldn’t have a prom at all.  Even a cursory examination of the situation reveals that the segregated prom situation exists because white parents in Charleston insisted upon it, based on a series of vicious stereotypes.

Canadian director Paul Saltzman moved into the Mississippi Delta town to document how preparations for the dance might shake up traditions and raise fears. “When I was doing the research and asking people ‘What was the problem in having the prom together?’ what whites usually said is, ‘You know, blacks are into drugs; they’re into violence’ and on and on and on,” Saltzman said.
Morgan Freeman has been offering to pay for an integrated prom for a decade now, but the school board only took him up on the offer in 2008.  So while we had a black man winning the nomination for President and people were starting to crow about “post-racial” America, these kids were having the first integrated prom.  But still there was a whites-only prom that was thrown for the white kids (and their parents) who couldn’t stomach an integrated prom.  In a beautiful stroke of irony, the integrated prom went off without a hitch and it seems everyone had fun, but the whites-only prom was marred by fighting.** So, the kids had fun, the racist parents found that their worst fears had no grounding, and a small part of Mississippi inches slightly closer to joining the 20th century.***  They’re planning to have another one next year, and the school is still going to have the white prom for the uber-racists, as well.  In case the moral of the story isn’t clear, it was the black prom that opened up and accepted white prom-goers to become integrated, and not the other way around.  In other words, Pat Buchanan has the way this runs completely backwards, not that I expect him to change his story in the slightest.  *For people who are exhausted of the past 35 years of fighting over Roe v. Wade, it’s worth meditating on the fact that there’s been 54 years of fighting over Brown, but done in a way that gets ignored by the mainstream media more.  This, if anything, makes it more frustrating. **This doesn’t surprise me in the slightest.  Once you reduce the group to the most avid racists, you’re talking a mean, sadistic group of rednecks in training.  I’d be shocked if all that hostility didn’t turn into a fight. ***The 21st century will take a lot more work. 

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Posted by Amanda Marcotte on 10:00 PM • (19) Comments

For people who are exhausted of the past 35 years of fighting over Roe v. Wade, it’s worth meditating on the fact that there’s been 54 years of fighting over Brown, but done in a way that gets ignored by the mainstream media more.  This, if anything, makes it more frustrating.

Since about 1974 and Milliken v. Bradley SCOTUS has been retreating from desegregation.

Brown is dead as the law of the land. It’s more of a nice historical moment that provides a cultural trope against “separate but equal” but it’s been pretty much abandoned as actual law. Segregation now, segregation forever won.

Now, for disingenuous trolls complaining about the black kids eating together in college cafeterias…..

Comment #1: MAJeff, the God of Biscuits  on  02/23  at  10:20 PM

I remember being totally shocked when I found out that other schools had segregated proms.  Which kids who went to those schools told me, with a straight face, completely unashamed.  It’s just the way it was. 

Then again, before I got shipped away to the school for <strike>bully bait</strike> Speshul Thnowflakes, I went to Catholic school.  Which is basically Segregation 2.0.  So I don’t know why I retreated to my fainting couch re the prom issue.

Comment #2: The Opoponax  on  02/23  at  10:27 PM

In case the moral of the story isn’t clear, it was the black prom that opened up and accepted white prom-goers to become integrated, and not the other way around.

The way it was explained to me (and I guess different school districts might do it differently), the school’s official prom is the “black prom”.  The white parents throw another formal dance the same night called “formal” or “cotillion”, and it’s invitation only (all white students are invited, no black students are).  You can’t go to both, though white students are technically “allowed” to attend either dance. 

And, yes, the justification given is that the school’s official prom is “too dangerous”.  Even asking friends of mine who were liberal and definitely not openly racist, their answer for why they went to the white prom was that that’s what all their friends did, and they wouldn’t really know anyone at Official Prom, so why bother with making a big statement when you wouldn’t even have a good time?  Yeah.  Seriously.  That’s the south.  So racist that even the not-racist kids are racist.

Comment #3: The Opoponax  on  02/23  at  10:34 PM

Brown is dead as the law of the land. It’s more of a nice historical moment that provides a cultural trope against “separate but equal” but it’s been pretty much abandoned as actual law.”

Isn’t it interesting how if you get enough Republican presidents appointing Reichwing judges to SCOTUS, you can take something that is considered an incredibly historic and important moment in the evolution of America into becoming a decent society and slowly drain it of all meaning.

Just like wind and water can erode stone, given enough time, since Nixon there’s been enough time for wingnut judges to erode our legal stone too.  Sad…

I guess this sums it up: ‘The past isn’t dead. It isn’t even past.’ — William Faulkner

Comment #4: MikeEss  on  02/23  at  10:40 PM

...

i remember Alabama, in 93. 1993. and getting jumped after school for having the audacity to date a black guy

ok. that wasn’t all it was. we were confronted in the hallway by a HUGE group of kids, yelling at the guy that he was black and that dating a white girl was betraying that. he pointed out his mom was white. they said “half black is black”.
then i pipped up “well, if half-black means all black, i’m half-Cherokee. spent almost half my life at the rez. so if Tim is black, I’m red”
i think THAT is what really got me jumped…

it was weird, because at home I Am Not White. but in the South, and apparantly in Ohio, i AM white.

i was told just last week that i could visit AL with my guy, that there are no more problems in the South in regards to interracial dating. but, if PROMS are still segregated, whats going to happen when they realize i’m going to marry this black guy? (by “they” and “them”, i am meaning bigots in general. not any specific bigots. no, not even the specific ones i COULD mention.)

i truly wish we could stop talking about “how Post-Racial we are!” and started talking about “How do we achieve a true Post-Racial Society?”

Comment #5: denelian  on  02/23  at  10:43 PM

i was told just last week that i could visit AL with my guy, that there are no more problems in the South in regards to interracial dating. but, if PROMS are still segregated, whats going to happen when they realize i’m going to marry this black guy?

I haven’t actually done it yet, but I would guess that if you’re not going to have to actually live there, it’s more about your family and how they react than what will happen when you walk into a restaurant together. 

I’m pretty sure my family would flip their shit if I married a black person.  On the other hand, I’m sure we’d get funny looks around my hometown, but you know, fuck ‘em.  I’ve always gotten funny looks around my hometown, and any partner I’d bring there would on their own, too.

If you’re a total outsider, though, I would imagine everything I say is completely irrelevant, and anything could happen.  In that situation you probably ought to be careful.

Comment #6: The Opoponax  on  02/23  at  10:54 PM

The only thing anyone needs to know about Buchanan is that he speaks more highly of Adolf Hitler than of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Why would a supposedly mainstream news outlet let him anywhere near the studio?

As for segregated proms, I relish this (possibly apocryphal) story:

A Southern high school principal announced that integrated couples would not be allowed at the prom. A girl approached him afterward and said, “My daddy is white and my mama is black. Who do I get to date?”

Principal: “Your mama and daddy made a mistake, and I’m going to make sure nobody else makes a mistake like that this year.”

Girl (looks him up and down with contempt): “Their mistake was nothing compared to the school board’s.”

Comment #7: Bitter Scribe  on  02/23  at  11:31 PM

Then again, before I got shipped away to the school for bully bait Speshul Thnowflakes, I went to Catholic school.  Which is basically Segregation 2.0.

It’s worth noting that here in the whitest-place-I’ve-ever-lived, the Catholic school is way more diverse than the public schools.

Comment #8: Av0gadro  on  02/23  at  11:55 PM

It’s worth noting that here in the whitest-place-I’ve-ever-lived, the Catholic school is way more diverse than the public schools.

In the south, and particularly where I grew up in Louisiana, parochial schooling is the answer to integrated public schools.  Any white family that can afford to send their kids to parochial school does so, even if they’re not particularly religious.  My family isn’t even Catholic. 

Oh, and my Catholic school only allowed students to bring dates from outside the school to formal dances by administration approval.  I never knew anyone who tried to bring a non-white date, but I have a strong suspicion it would be vetoed.  Which means their proms were segregated proms, too, just in a slightly quieter way.

Comment #9: The Opoponax  on  02/24  at  12:22 AM

i truly wish we could stop talking about “how Post-Racial we are!” and started talking about “How do we achieve a true Post-Racial Society?”

Yeah, given that people were seriously asking whether we could elect a black president about eight months ago, that was pretty fucking quick.

Comment #10: RickMassimo  on  02/24  at  01:03 AM

<blcokquote>Now, for disingenuous trolls complaining about the black kids eating together in college cafeterias…..
MAJeff, the God of Biscuits on 02/23 at 05:20 PM</blockquote>

Or my uncle (who, like my Dad, was a career USAF officer, but unlike him, rose into those ranks from an enlisted beginning—and also unlike Dad, came from a family that had a serious amount of money) griping in the early 1990s about black NCOs who allegedly “took over” the NCO clubs, presumably back in the ‘60s when he was still an NCO himself.

As a kid of a fighter pilot, I got to see a fair sample of the ethnic composition of the Air Force’s fighter pilots, at the officer’s clubs, picnics, and at parties held at home, not to mention dropping in at my Dad’s squadron offices from time to time. Dad’s career largely revolved around the “Interceptor Weapons School” at Tyndall AFB, and they trained contingents from squadrons all over the Air Force, as well as from some Navy, Marines, and allied forces. So I saw a broad sample.

I don’t remember a single African-American ever wearing a flight suit or the colorful squadron patches I learned to recognize. My mother insisted there were some but when I pressed, “You mean fighter pilots?” she backed down—officers yes, but not fighter pilots. As I say, I can’t recall a one.

This was in the late ‘60s (starting over 20 years then after Harry Truman ordered the services to desegregate) through the ‘70s and ‘80s.

Post-racial America my ass. And the white guys (sadly, including my father) still whine about the mere prospect of integration!

Comment #11: Mark Foxwell  on  02/24  at  01:06 AM

Oppo;

*I* have no actual family in AL. the only reason we were there at all is because my dad was AF.
just a few friends. most of the people i met in AL that i kept in touch with have all left

on the other hand, PETE has family in AL, and a good chunk of his family dislike me because i am Cherokee. which i think is funny, but whatever. He has almost no contact with them. the only member of his family that he tries to talk to does like me, and his dad liked me (he died 4 years ago) so Pete doesn’t feel he has to get anything more from his family.

*MY* family, i think, would rather have Pete than me anyway lol

Comment #12: denelian  on  02/24  at  01:08 AM

It’s worth noting that here in the whitest-place-I’ve-ever-lived, the Catholic school is way more diverse than the public schools.

Here in the immediate suburb of Philly, where property values are falling (er, relative to everywhere else that is) because it’s becoming “too dangerous” (aka “getting more black”), it’s the opposite.  Our public schools are very diverse, while the Catholic schools are very white.  A small-but-significant portion of our student body is actually from Philadelphia and not from our district, a fact that “prominent members of the community” decry all the time; how DARE we pay for THEIR schooling.  It puts a strain on our budget!  To be fair, our district has tons of students, and our budget IS really strained as is, but as I always point out, we are in a lot better state than the Philadelphia school system, in terms of money and performance.  This turned into a rambling post, but I thought my little anecdote should join the list.

Comment #13: themann1086  on  02/24  at  02:06 AM

Where I grew up in Louisiana (late 70’s), we had one prom, but two prom “courts” - one black and one white.  Each class elected separate sets of “favorites” and “superlatives” (most likely to succeed, etc.).

This was almost certainly because the white parents in our racially half-and-half-plus-self-consciously-mulatto Parish feared that little buffy wouldn’t get to be prom queen like her momma otherwise, etc., and so on, and so forth…

I was voted white-most-likely-to-succeed my senior year.  I manage a liquor store.  Barely.

Black-most-likely-to-succeed is a lawyer in Atlanta.

I ask you…

no, I tell you: racism/segregation blows

Comment #14: Oriscus  on  02/24  at  02:19 AM

I had a friend who made a hobby out of going to proms. He’d gotten girls from different high schools over several years—I think I would have been his 14th prom date if I hadn’t actually gotten a boyfriend and changed the arrangement. He was black, but most of his dates weren’t.
And years later, I found out our home town, Lodi, had had a history of racism. A generation can make a real difference, and I believe the kids of the kids who have just started having integrated proms will have very different expectations.

Comment #15: Samantha Vimes  on  02/24  at  07:03 AM

Sociological surveys have repeatedly shown that black people want to live in integrated neighborhoods and white people don’t. People who claim that racism is over have their heads in the sand, at the very best. I think some people are clinging to the idea of Obama as president because they think voting for him means THEY can’t be racist, and the fact that he won and is so supported by so many means that the only racists left are the radical fringe. There certainly are racists in the radical fringe, but the hidden biases (often hidden from the people who hold them who never engage in self-reflection) are doing a lot to maintain the status quo. Teacher expectancy, for instance, is usually a self-fulfilling prophecy, and part of what some scholars call “second-generation discrimination.” According to Weinsten, et al.‘s “Intractable Self-Fulfilling Prophecies: Fifty Years After Brown v. Board of Education” (2004), “an African American student is 3 times more likely than a White student to be placed in special education, 3.2 times less likely to be placed in a gifted class, and twice as likely to be corporally punished or suspended… This fact remains: African AMerican children, among other children [Latino and Native American are the examples she gives earlier], still face an unequal opportunity to learn” (512). This is a good article for anyone interested in social psychology, which shoots evo psych down really well.

Comment #16: F. McGee  on  02/24  at  07:37 AM

So racist that even the not-racist kids are racist.

I like that line because it points are where I think Holder’s speech is really going: rather than black people giving in to the demands of all the “respectable” conservatives and middle-aged liberals not to call them racists, white people of good will have to lose the defensiveness that makes “that’s racist” a conversation-ender rather than a starting point. (No, I don’t mean in the patronizing “prove to me that I’m in denial” way, but respectfully.) Of course the huge majority of people are racists. We’ve grown up in a racist society, had our views shaped by propaganda aimed at reinforcing racial stereotype, mostly live and work in racially segregated circles. It’s what we do to work with those things that matters.

Comment #17: paul  on  02/24  at  04:42 PM

i remember Alabama, in 93. 1993. and getting jumped after school for having the audacity to date a black guy

Southern WV in 1994 wasn’t all that much better.  I don’t actually know anyone in high school who dated interracially, but I do remember my high school boyfriend telling me that if I ever dated a black guy, even if we weren’t together anymore, that he’d ‘kick the guy’s ass’ and then ‘make me sorry I did that.’  Now, me being stupid and 17, I didn’t immediately break up with the asshole (saved it for a few months later when I went off to college), although I did argue with him that if we weren’t together then he had no say whatsoever who I was with and what an asshole thing to say anyway.  But that moment still sticks with me.

And now here I am 14 years later, married to a non-white person (as are both my sisters—one is married to a guy who is Cherokee and the other lives with and has kids by a black guy).  So far I haven’t had any guys from back home knocking on my door wanting to beat up the husband, even when we go home for a visit.  Although it could be okay because (as my aunts put it when I took him home to meet the family), being Sri Lankan, my husband isn’t really black.

Comment #18: ks  on  02/24  at  05:15 PM

its not as if it’s actually better NOW, ks.

i mean, it looks better in some lights.

but i remember, not long before i got together with Pete, i went on a date with a guy. this guy (whom i only went on a date with because he WOULD NOT LEAVE ME ALONE) had a black guy for a roommate. and told me it bothered him - he didn’t mind talking to a black person, but sharing a toilet or a shower grossed him out. i just stared at him blankly; it took me a bit to actually UNDERSTAND what he meant. and then i said “ok, you know, i don’t like you. i’m going to call a cab”

this was right at 5 years ago. i see that guy occassionally, as we both float around the fringes of Columbus’ (so-called-but-really) Goth scene, and he still says random stuff like that. last time i saw him, at a sci-fi convention here in town, he cornered me to ask me if i REALLY had sex with Pete, and how could i handle the smell when giving him a blowjob.

WHAT. THE. FUCK.

i admit that i call a certain portion of Pete “Darth Penis”. but… he smells like a man. more than other guy can say, other guy smells like artificial and alcohal (i have no clue what cologne he uses, but he uses too much)

this guy was the first person i ever knew (or at least knew that i knew) who said that black people somehow smell bad, and are intrinsicly dirty - but now i see/hear this all the time. !?!?!? wtf IS that?

i… i just don’t get it. but i am strangley reminded of a Heinlein novel, wherein the protagonist hates Martians because he thinks they smell bad, and so his staff uses auto-hypnosis to make him think that they smell of strawberries or something similiar. the reason that this WORKED is because in the story, Martians don’t actually have a smell at all, but the guy was raised to believe that they did and that it was bad, so it was psychosematic(sp?). this attitude seems to be the same, but where the HELL did it come from.

Sri Lankans aren’t really black? are ANY black people really black? i mean… especially blakc-americans who have a lot of non-black ancestry; for instance, Pete is EXACTLY the same color as the type of hot chocolate i make, using milk… and that is not black, its brown. i used to go around, when i first moved to Alabama, saying “i’m not white, i’m beige”, when i wasn’t calling myself an apple. so if a person from Sri Lanka isn’t black, what do they say he is? is it like calling Cherokee (and, i presume, other Native Americans but i have never directly heard it) “Whites with built in tans”?

this ties in so well with the other thread, about having conversations about race. which i admit i haven’t done a lot of lately… i admit it, i am afraid of being accused of racism and of white privilege, which is really hard for me to wrap my head around, because i wasn’t raised white, so how do i address it? aaaaaaaagh! i wish i COULD have this conversation, actually have this conversation, without fighting with someone. (besides Pete. and even then, we only have two conversations: “Please turn off the rap” and “damnit Peter, why are you not outraged?”). i don’t even KNOW HOW to have this conversation anymore.

there’s a good thread idea. HOW do we have these conversations?

Comment #19: denelian  on  02/24  at  11:34 PM
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