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Next entry: To Be Fair Previous entry: From the hard right, “Don’t get pregnant” means “Get pregnant ASAP”

Playboy defenders, you’re embarrassing yourselves

Thanks to seeker for pointing me towards this maudlin mourning of Playboy magazine’s increasing irrelevance.  Playboy!  So brilliant, so innovative, so….what’s the word?  The one the writer avoids like the plague?  Oh yeah, so misogynist!

If you want to know why Playboy can’t compete anymore as an intellectual heavyweight, it has less to do with the competition from internet porn (though that has something to do with it) and more to do with the growing social realization that intellectual spaces that deliberately exclude women are not so intellectually heavy at all.  Oh sure, Playboy realized at some point that it needed to include female writers and thinkers in its pages, and show some amount of comfort with feminism, or it would lose relevance even faster.  Brett Popplewell even goes out of his way to dig up a famous feminist writer that wrote for Playboy (Margaret Atwood), probably after realizing after getting halfway through the article that the intellectual heavyweights he mentions from the early days are all men.  Playboy’s good reputation as an intelligent wank magazine pretty much requires it to show familiarity with feminism—-Playboy praised Pandagon, even as Pandagon mocks Playboy!  It’s smart of them to try to change with the times in order to stay relevant.*  But let’s face it—-as long as your main objective is putting out pictures of impossibly beautiful, uber-airbrushed, nude 18-year-olds, women are going to know that this is a boys-only environment.  And boys-only environments are not intellectually relevant ones, because you’re excluding the brain power of half the human race.  A handful of female writers doesn’t change the fact that the majority of women who make it into Playboy do so by getting naked.

The avoidance of this basic reality is what makes this article nonsensical.

Not so much the magazine found at the newsstand but in the basement of BMV, a book store on Bloor St. W. where you can buy back issues from 30, 40, 50 years ago. What attracts me? I read it for the articles.

Like the Q&A with Martin Luther King Jr. in the January, 1965 issue, in which the Nobel-winning leader of the civil rights movement discusses his family, faith, hopes, and his fears for the future.

“After a while, if your life is more or less constantly in peril, you come to a point where you accept the possibility philosophically,” King tells interviewer Alex Haley (of later Roots fame), in that Playboy interview. “I must face the fact ... that something could well happen to me at any time. I feel, though, that if I should lose my life, in some way it would aid the cause.”

Elsewhere in that thick issue can be found 13 pages of intellectual philosophizing by Hugh Hefner himself, fiction by Jack Kerouac and Vladimir Nabokov, a tale by P.G. Wodehouse called Bingo Bans the Bomb, Ray Bradbury writing about the space age, and humour by a rising talent named Woody Allen.

It’s absolutely true that it was admirable of Hefner to use his porn money to help enrich writers who are usually aching for money.  I don’t dispute that, and wish that it happened more often.  I highly recommend reading this counterpart that makes it clear what a put-on this all is—-writers took their paychecks from Hef, but submitted their inferior works.  It worked out both ways.  Writers got paid and got to hang onto their best work for more prestigious if less profitable publication, and Hefner got to be considered an intellectual by association, though not by effort.  The credibility allows wankers who never actually read the Playboy “philosophy” assume that it’s a meaningful philosophy.  The notion that it was especially feminist because it was pro-female pleasure is historical revisionism—-Hefner made no bones about how male pleasure was the center of his world, and female pleasure is an accoutrement that exists to make sex hotter, not as a good onto itself. 

In the first issue of Playboy magazine, published in December 1953, Hugh M. Hefner wrote an essay speaking for its envisioned readers: “We like our apartment. We enjoy mixing up cocktails and an hors d’oeuvre or two, putting a little mood music on the phonograph, and inviting in a female acquaintance for a quiet discussion on Picasso, Nietzsche, jazz, sex.” On first blush his commercial strategy here seemed straightforward: Men who make a habit of inviting female acquaintances in to talk Picasso, Nietzsche, jazz and sex will have a lot of free nights for reading Playboy magazine. Empires have been built on lesser principles.

If Hugh Hefner embodies the Playboy ideal, then it’s one where you’re talking at some deliberately obtuse but well-plasticized bimbo about these things, and she pretends to be impressed before sucking your cock.  Clearly, this is an expensive hobby, because most women that fit this ideal are smart enough not to indulge the fantasy for free.  The Playboy philosophy fails to read any differently than some half-literate thing you read at Men’s News Daily.  Some quotes from an eye-opening article I wrote about a couple years ago:

Playboy also promoted flight from conventional domestic obligation. The lead article in the first issue, “Miss Gold Digger of 1953,” complained of the unfair treatment of men in divorce courts. This new urbane bachelor was linked to the social order not as husband but consumer — be it of a new hi-fi or different woman every night. Hefner, a 27-year-old unhappily married man with a young daughter when Playboy debuted, divorced in 1959, becoming the front man for the incipient sexual revolution. His mission was to liberate America from sexual repression…...

  Life at the mansion was tightly controlled. At 9 p.m. curfew was imposed when they weren’t out with Hefner. Lest Hef be seen as a cuckold, Girfriends weren’t allowed to see other men (an edict the women violated). Privacy was limited; security shadowed them at clubs; their phone calls were screened. “It is not a real, equal or intimate relationship,” St. James writes, should the reader be in doubt.

  The Girlfriends’ schedules were dictated by Hefner’s, which was infant-like in its routine. It left plenty of downtime to fill with internecine Survivor-like power struggles, which St. James details at length. At their centre was Holly, a former Hooters waitress who shared Hefner’s bedroom and ran interference to keep her No. 1 Girlfriend standing.

A scattering of well-respected female writers in Playboy’s pages doesn’t change the larger issue here.  In fact, it reinforces the idea that there’s a gulf between sexually attractive women and intelligent women.  I’ve always been impressed by how images of the Playboy mansion have a clean divide between the women that are there as actual guests, and who keep their clothes on and engage in conversation, and women who are clearly there as entertainment, to walk around naked and be stared at, but not engaged in any mental way.  I’ve read female writers in Playboy who gallantly try to push back by expressing female sexual desire as a real entity, but it always rings hollow in the middle of a landscape where female sexuality is constructed as that of a very elaborate pocket pussy—-all object, and the pleasure of women is a performance designed for male pleasure, not a thing unto itself.  A woman orgasming by herself is like a tree falling in an unpeopled forest.  Writing about subjective female desire in that context is impossible, since the context renders everything you write as an object performance for male pleasure.  I suppose you could push the boundaries and write things that make your average man uncomfortable, but that just ends up reinforcing the dynamic that “sexually attractive” and “intelligent” are mutually exclusive categories for women.  When you’re playing on turf where most women are utterly objectified, your options are limited.  If you want a really funny example of how this works, check out the episode of “Sex and the City” where the gals go to the Playboy mansion.  The writers literally write themselves into a hole, because they want Samantha to be a fan of Playboy, but it’s nonsensical, and so everything explodes by Sam getting into a fight over a fake purse, and getting them kicked out.  And I think it’s because placing female characters who have previously been constructed as sexually independent actors into the Playboy environment makes no sense at all. 

These tensions are why Playboy’s had a slow decline.  The internet might be putting the nail in the coffin, but even this article demonstrates that there’s been a steady decline in the quality of writing since the late 60s.  Feminism, and specifically the idea that an intellectual environment should include women, was what made Playboy’s slow decline into silliness inevitable.  It was long before the internet really took off that Playboy had gotten mired in the habit of using its centerfold to portray the scandalous celebrity of the moment, and every cover like that meant that a little more intellectual credibility was chipped away.  The notion that Playboy is porn for the thinking man is a joke when you compare it to the infinitely superior Nerve, which reflects, however imperfectly, that the 21st century thinking straight man wants dirty-minded thinking women to be along for the ride, not to be nothing but the object to be ridden. 

*Also, and I communicated with the writer of the piece who felt terrible about the feminist backlash against it, the reality is that it was an individual writer’s judgment, not the entire magazine staff’s.  Like most pieces in magazines, it was assigned to a writer, and the editor’s job is to make sure that it’s coherent, not that the politics of the piece are completely purged of any conflicts that are unlikely to even reach the average reader’s attention.

 

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Posted by Amanda Marcotte on 04:02 PM • (51) Comments

Can’t say that I have even thought about Playboy, except in passing, in over 30 years.  It has been closer to 40 since I even thought about defending it (adolescence has to end sometime).

Comment #1: DrDick  on  01/04  at  04:20 PM

I think that Nerve.com - which is of course, not perfect by any means - is pretty good proof that you can have sexually explicit writing and photography without being boys-only.

Comment #2: Mikey  on  01/04  at  04:26 PM

Playboy didn’t die due to the internet, it died due to Maxim.  GQ and Esquire already exist for the faux urbane man to cling to, and have the benefit of being able to be read in public.  And if you can’t show off your faux urbaness whats’ the point?  What Maxim did was open another area where starlets could take pose to the audience they are trying to reach without having to take all their clothes off.  And Maxim was set up to appeal directly to those who mainly buy Playboy, young men.

Sure the internet allows people to see more nudity than ever before and allowing Hefner so much control over the magazine in his dotage lead to every playmate looking like one of his girlfriends/Pam Anderson, but Maxim is what unplugged the ventilator.

Though the amount of anger at Hefner’s daughter that comes up is always funny….

Comment #3: Rob  on  01/04  at  04:37 PM

Our culture is getting both more and less coarse all the time in regard to porn/sex.  We have Playboy foundering in irrelevance and near bankruptcy while thousands of porn sites show stuff Hugh Hefner may not have even heard of.  We have lots of tame movies (at least in regard to sex) but loads of DVDs have “Uncut” versions that outsell the theatrical version.  And we have Christian sex manuals, a Shop Erotic show on the Oxygen network (overpriced! I must say,) and thousands of people posting semi- and non-anonymous nude photos of themselves on websites.

Playboy has nothing to offer other than a fantasy that can be achieved at thousands of websites at no charge.  Indienudes, Nerve, Deviantart, and countless other places can provide images of nude women, the library can get you all the Norman Mailer you wish to find, and plenty of other places have interviews.

I’m reminded of the scene in The People Vs. Larry Flynt where Woody Harrelson’s Flynt mocks Playboy magazine as elitist, fake, afraid to show what it really is about, and something about overpriced stereo equipment.  Don’t really know where those statements in the movie fit in with Playboy and feminism, but that’s what I was reminded of.

Comment #4: jon  on  01/04  at  04:46 PM

I’m reminded of the scene in The People Vs. Larry Flynt where Woody Harrelson’s Flynt mocks Playboy magazine as elitist, fake, afraid to show what it really is about, and something about overpriced stereo equipment.  Don’t really know where those statements in the movie fit in with Playboy and feminism, but that’s what I was reminded of.

This might be slightly off thread topic, but on jon’s comment, but I read Jezebel recently where they had a post linking to another post about why Playboy couldn’t show long labia, because that would be considered “porn” and not “erotica” and so in order to get around that they either pose the models in ways that don’t show their labia at all, or only use models with small labia for full frontal shots (or, air brush the labia out altogether) and that’s what Larry Flynt used to separate his brand from Hefners, cut out all that “frilly” shit and get right to want “men” “want” to see: pussy.

I just remember reading the Jezebel article and thinking it was very creepy, but how the magazine was also affecting women’s perceptions of themselves and what’s “normal” for genitalia.

And apparently the Playboy channel is also on it’s last leg. That entire empire is going down and I’m hoping that people realize the emperor isn’t wearing any clothes. Every time I see Hefner with his “girlfriends” I can’t for the life of me understand how anyone would think that’s cool. It looks so fucking pathetic and reading St. James story only cemented that.

Comment #5: UltraMagnus  on  01/04  at  05:04 PM

Some of the stories that Arthur C. Clarke wrote for Playboy are among some of his best, but then the alternative:

Writers got paid and got to hang onto their best work for more prestigious if less profitable publication,

didn’t exist when he wrote them, or to put it another way, Playboy was the most
prestigious and profitable publication for SF authors in those far-away days.

I don’t doubt all the points made, but the near-death of the magazine Playboy can be pinned on the Religious Right’s successful crusade to get Playboy and Penthouse pulled from 7-11 and other stores nationwide.

Penthouse was completely annihilated because Guccione apparently wouldn’t recognize the need for an internet crossover, Playboy survived, I believe I’ve read, because Hefner’s daughter realized the need to go digital for survival.

Maxim and what not—no nudity—so they got the space on the convenience store racks when the nudey mags were banned.

Haven’t open a copy of Playboy in, oh, 30 years, but I don’t doubt that even the second-rate work of intellectual writers is missing.

(But which, if any, popular magazines now court “intellectuals” of any sort?)

Haven’t been to Hef’s digs myself (and never wanted to) but know those who did, and Hef would bar any young women from the party he didn’t find attractive enough. (One Playboy employee called those women “the clones”: all to Hef’s particular taste.)

Definitely, feminism has made Hefner’s infantile and arrested behavior more apparent, than envied.

Comment #7: judy brown  on  01/04  at  05:14 PM

Besides, if I want to walk around and admire bodies and costumes or be admired there’s dozens of clubs and raves and conventions to attend, play, dance, and be intellectual on my own terms at.

If never needed the articles to make money, it was just part of the image.  Now that we can get those articles on the internet…

Content limiting sales methods will always whither and die.  When the markets learn this pattern, what will happen next?

Comment #8: Crissa  on  01/04  at  05:27 PM

Never cared much for the magazine, but i used to love Cynthia Heimel’s column.

Comment #9: pablo  on  01/04  at  05:28 PM

Playboy has been both intellectually and erotically irrelevant for years. Where it may have served some purpose forty-odd years ago by countering or challenging pseudo-victorian morality, its time has long past. Any attempt to update it is simply pointless and is akin to a manufacturer offering an improved, digitally controlled, pneumatically powered buggy-whip.

I am surprised anyone pays any attention to to what they do anymore…..

Comment #10: sjk  on  01/04  at  05:29 PM

The “Playboy Philosophy” was always the most noxious part of Playboy by far.  The naked-lady photos are fine, at least in the early decades before they started shaving, bleaching, surgically altering, and Photoshopping the models to the point that they no longer look like anything a human being could actually have sex with.  And in the 1960s the magazine’s take on sexuality was, if not remotely feminist, at least not nakedly misogynistic.  When you look the competing men’s magazines of the period, filled with rape fantasies, open racism, and speculation about lesbians and nymphos that reads like it was written by twelve-year-old boys, you realize Playboy really was trying to take the shame out of sex and present women as something other than hateful things a man reluctantly masturbates into.

But a woman’s role, in the Playboy idea of sexual liberation, always came down to looking pretty, acting stupid, and pretending to be enthralled while some dull, unattractive slug drones on about something he vaguely remembers reading in a magazine.  That, or being a sexless killjoy.  Obviously the fantasy was only going to last until women got sufficiently liberated to go do something more fun.

I don’t mind seeing Playboy fade into irrelevance, but frankly I’m not sure the stuff replacing it is any better from a feminist or sex-positive perspective.  Okay, maybe Nerve, but lad mags like Maxim just shill a fratboy version of the Playboy philosophy without the good bits (intellectualism, nipples, Gahan Wilson cartoons).  It’s almost like we’re moving back to the pre-Playboy era, where sniggering at women’s bodies and swapping sexist comments is all in good fun, but heaven forbid anybody see a nipple.

Comment #11: Shaenon  on  01/04  at  05:33 PM

Dark Avenger- I totally forgot about Playboy’s history of good sci-fi publication. Didn’t Guccione kind of short circuit that when he started Omni-a magazine i used to enjoy?

Comment #12: pablo  on  01/04  at  05:43 PM

I mostly agree with Shaenon.  Among the genre Playboy was and is less offensive than most.

I admit to liking to look at pictures of naked women.  In the days I bought Playboy from time to time (7-11 days) I did it for that purpose usually and read the written material as a bonus.  Occasionally, but rarely, I bought it for some particular interview (Carter’s for example).  The few times I have read or looked at Maxim I found it to be markedly inferior to anything I ever saw in Playboy, and I found Maxim’s misogyny significantly worse.  And of course, Maxim’s pictures would have one believe that women do not possess nipples.  Celebrities who want/need publicity for their bodies have gone to Maxim and the like for pictures in their underwear but they strike me as a little timid.  If Playboy disappears the only thing I’ll miss about it is the celebrity pictorials it runs from time to time.  It seemed to have just enough respectability that mainstream (or former mainstream) celebrities would pose naked for it.

I never heard of Nerve, btw.  I’ll check it out.

Comment #13: MiddleageLiberal  on  01/04  at  06:06 PM

I used to work at Playboy. Lasted about 5 years before I finally realized I was killing myself.

My favorite supervisor there had worked in accounting at Playboy for 30 years and had made it into the executive ranks during the dotcom boom. She told me once that nothing anyone said or did at Playboy mattered if it didn’t mater to Hugh Hefner first and Christie Hefner second. And if it was about the magazine, the only person who had a say was “Hef.”

After they laid her off, I got bounced around and ended up in one-on-one meetings with a lot of long-time editorial employees and even Christie herself a few times. It was obvious that what my old boss had said was true, and the only reason anyone stayed was because it was—for a long, long time—easy money propping up the Potempkin World Hef lives in. You could coast comfortably for decades there. The only person Playboy was ever meant to be relevant for is Hugh Hefner.

I’m not surprised at all that the melange of Hef’s toxic brand of “hedonism” and celebrity worship isn’t profitable or relevant. It’ll die like the vast majority of all other cultural artifacts, and we’ll have to deal with its long-term effects for ages, just like lead in gasoline.

Comment #14: MSM  on  01/04  at  06:16 PM

Not only all of this, but they don’t even let the centerfolds fill out their own data sheets.

Comment #15: Notorious P.A.T.  on  01/04  at  06:42 PM

Some disclosure: about 6 years ago, I was one of the final candidates for the job of VP for Playboy’s on-line efforts. Didn’t get the job, but I wouldn’t have turned it down, either. It paid well and Playboy is apparently an easy-going and well-paid place to work (I was told this by the very independent feminist businesswoman who referred me to them). It seemed like a typical, if very slick, family publishing business.

That said, even then I saw what was coming and that it would be a 5-year gig at best. One thing that the Internet did to Playboy was de-couple (so to speak—you can’t avoid double entendres when it comes to porn) ... ahem, was de-couple what remained of its core brand elements. With the print magazine, the porn (element #1, and it is #1) brought in the readers, but many would stay for the fashion and lifestyle service pieces (element #2, tarted up under the “Playboy philosophy” banner) and for the interviews, long-form features and short fiction (element #3).

The Internet experience is more focused and goal-driven—the end-user who goes to Playboy’s Web site does so (as with the print magazine) for brand element #1, spends 15 minutes browsing, 12-15 minutes doin’ his thing, and takes off. Unfortunately for Playboy, the market selling that brand element #1 (softcore airbrushed porn) is saturated and commoditised. Goodbye profit margin. Furthermore, Playboy’s one differentiating factor in that area—“tasteful” nude and (more often) semi-nude photo spreads of celebrities and semi-celebs—has been usurped by Maxim and its on-line counterparts.

If the Internet user wants element #2 (or, more specifically, one of its sub-elements), he’s looking elsewhere, at trusted sites that are dedicated to men’s fashion, electronics, cars, music, sports, dating advice, etc. Playboy isn’t focused enough in any of those areas to have retained the status of a trusted brand.

Meanwhile, the entire “Playboy philosophy” package such pieces formed when put together now guarantees the devotee the status of Vic Ferrari parody. The value and relevance of the “Playboy philosophy” package, and its associated consumer elements, peaked in the mid-‘70s.

That Hugh Hefner still micro-manages the editorial content to the extent that the same basic package is still being pushed 30 years later is a large source of the problem. I respect “Hef” for his historic role in pressing forward issues of free speech, sexual liberation and openness, and quality editorial (whatever self-interest lay behind them). However, he would have done well to disassociate himself as a symbol of the brand (and arbiter of what defines a hot woman) twenty years ago. Now they’re stuck with him and his three “girlfriends.”

Element #3 is something that, if the end-user is interested in it, can find elsewhere in magazines like New Yorker, The Atlantic, Esquire. the New York Times Magazine, Sports Illustrated, etc., etc. or various short fiction collections and non-fiction books.

In short, the brand, which had basically lost its holistic appeal decades ago, was left hanging by the increasingly frayed thread of element #1. And once elements #2 and #3 were permanently de-coupled from #1 by the Internet, it was only a matter of time before the brand became swamped.

The last issue of Playboy magazine I paged through was a few years ago—my impression was basically Maxim with more bare boobs and labia and less un-self-conscious raunch and fratboy humour.

Comment #16: Gracchus  on  01/04  at  06:48 PM

Excellent point, Dark Avenger.  Again, it’s a mixed bag.  I think the editorial staff in charge of content at Playboy has a great job—-you can pay top dollar for top writers, and a lot of flexibility in reaching out to who you want.  If porn money is going to something that great, I’m all for it.  But it’s obvious that Hefner is buying credibility, and as soon as that was bought, the quality of the content began to decline.

Comment #17: Amanda Marcotte  on  01/04  at  06:49 PM

That photograph is… problematic.

Comment #18: LauraB  on  01/04  at  06:50 PM

It’s hard to say wheat they’re going to do with the brand. They’ve tried and then abandoned so many attempts to extend it over the years (clubs, casinos, resorts, book publishing, full-length video, fashion accessories, etc.) that I don’t know what’s left. Their attempts to extend the print magazine outside the U.S. indicate a basic lack of franchise control. The home office recently had to distance themselves from “their” Mexican edition over a religious kerfluffle—heavily Catholic countries like Mexico with developing consumer Internet penetration are probably the only place where Playboy can publish, sell and still be controversial.

In the next 10 years, I see them shuttering the print edition (or perhaps porting it to a mobile platform from dead-tree format), placing all of their remaining content focus on element #1 (esp. celebs), and using that and Hef’s “mansion lifestyle” to preserve the brand while they license the hell out of it overseas. When Hef passes away, though, the U.S. content business will go the way of Colliers and Life (not to mention many of the short-lived but major Web-based magazine brand names).

As to lamenting the brand’s demise, I have mixed feelings. In its heyday from the ‘50s to the ‘70s, it stood as a challenge to public puritanism. But those days are long over, and even the superficial rebel value is gone. As MSM says, the brand now exists mainly to benefit an octagenerian, and when he dies the brand will likely follow in short order.

I don’t doubt all the points made, but the near-death of the magazine Playboy can be pinned on the Religious Right’s successful crusade to get Playboy and Penthouse pulled from 7-11 and other stores nationwide.

I was under the impression that Playboy, like most mainstream print magazines, depended mainly on subscription sales, which in turn are more about circulation numbers driving CPM ad dollars than actual revenue from purchasers of the magazine.

And I doubt that removing Playboy from 7-11 newsstands did much to diminish the brand goodwill. Falwell and Co. were prudish opportunists, but as usual with those scumbags the end result was a symbolic effort that, in business terms, probably achieved the opposite of its stated goals by reviving what was by then a tame porn brand.

Comment #19: Gracchus  on  01/04  at  06:51 PM

Thanks to seeker for pointing me towards this maudlin mourning of Playboy magazine’s increasing irrelevance.

You mean there was a time when Playboy was relevant?  Must have been before my day.  Which would have been a long while ago; I was born in ‘62 and I can’t remember a time when Playboy wasn’t generally recognized as being pretty silly. 

Hefner deserves some acknowledgement, however, for being the first man to make a fortune out of his realization that nothing he did was going to matter very much.  (Though he may have been preceded by P. T. Barnum.)  Hefner understood that, since no man of his type was ever going to have much say over the state of race relations or foreign policy or even over the interactions between the sexes (that, IOW, since no man of his type was ever going to be in a position to exert much control over the real world) one of the more attractive alternatives for a man of his type was to create a smaller, private world (ironically not unlike a woman’s smaller, private world) wherein he could exercise some sway.  So that’s what Hefner did. 

Hefner’s readership, to the extent that it didn’t just consist of horny guys eager to ogle naked cuties, was made up of men who’d endured the same epiphany he had.  They knew they could exercise choice—-in the realm of consumption.  So why not make the most of that realm?  Why not extend its boundaries as far as they’d possibly go?  Why not transmute the purchase of stereo equipment into a matter of great pith and moment?  It’s no mystery and no surprise that women were transformed into objects of consumption in terms of Hefner’s magazine.  Practically everything else was too (and that’s leaving aside the fact that women have a long history as objects of consumption whereas Kierkegaard and Nietzsche don’t).

The same thing goes for the Thinkers and Writers that Hefner corraled into his magazine’s pages.  It’s not exactly true that they sold Hefner scutwork and saved their best stuff for other venues: I think it’s truer to say that they understood that what they allowed to appear in the context of Playboy would not be held against them, mostly because nobody could mistake the Hefner mansion for Wall Street or the White House and since everybody knew that no major decisions as to who gets what and why and from whom or who walks away with a trillion bucks and who ends up paying it would ever be made there.  So the pages of Playboy were a safe space, in a way: if an opinioneer said something wrong or strong the power of the viewpoint expressed would effectively be neutralized by the cushiony flesh of the centerfold.  Because nobody (again) could ever have any doubt as to what Playboy was really about or really for.  Fine prose and edgy thoughts could serve the purpose of side dishes and apéritifs*; the cutie was the main course.

It doesn’t startle me that lots of good science fiction made its appearance in Playboy (don’t get me wrong: I love science fiction).  I can’t think of much of a better place for it.

Dr. King’s intersection with Playboy was something almost in the nature of a proverb; there one can see worlds colliding and see the greater world, for a moment, overshadowing the smaller one.  It’s particularly eerie to read of Dr. King’s foreknowledge of his death.  Dr. King was a man who grasped, won, held, and used real power, while Hefner’s whole fortune and life plan derived out of the renunciation of King’s kind of potency.  We all know the result: Dr. King was killed and Hefner’s still alive (and still ensconced in a mansion).  There may be cautionary tales more poignant than that one; if so, I don’t know what they are.

*They weren’t even that necessary, as Hustler’s and Maxim’s success were later to prove.

Comment #20: bekabot  on  01/04  at  07:05 PM

Did the religious right succeed in getting Playboy banned from military base PX’s? I imagine that to quite a bite out of their revenue.

Comment #21: pablo  on  01/04  at  07:09 PM

Did the religious right succeed in getting Playboy banned from military base PX’s?

So far as I know the religious right hasn’t managed to do that in Washington State.  They’ve been trying, though.  A few months or so ago there was a huge stink out here, generated by righties of an evangelical cast, which centered upon the horrible thought that Our Brave Boys might be fond of buying and of (um) contemplating pictures of pleasant-looking women who had forgotten to put on their clothes.  (The idea was that such behavior was scarcely typical of the sort of conduct we might wish Our Troops to model for Our Kids, or something like that.  Don’t ask me.)  I believe the stink evaporated into the damp air without much of any measurable effect, but I don’t know that to be true, because all the guys I know who’ve been involved with the military are now vets.  I’m not acquainted with anyone who still visits the PX in real time.

Comment #22: bekabot  on  01/04  at  07:23 PM

My first boyfriend (end of high school/beginning of college) had a huge collection of Playboys that I used to read. I didn’t spend much time looking at the naked ladies, although they certainly made me feel self-conscious about my poor small breasts, and they certainly made that boyfriend ask me to do unreasonable things with my pubic hair (which I never did, thank goodness).

I remember reading some decent short stories and some interesting articles. I of course hadn’t had my feminist awakening yet, so it’s possible that half the stuff I read would piss me off if I read it today, but at the time it seemed pretty good. I usually would just flip past the naked pictures and chuckle to myself because I was actually reading Playboy for the articles, as so many men have lied about doing.

Comment #23: Lauren O  on  01/04  at  07:31 PM

Yeah, I agreed with some of the commenters like Shaenon.  Playboy just didn’t die from people becoming more ♀ or feminist themes gained hold in society.  That assumes a level of significance in the general culture that I don’t percieve as being true.  I could point to Mad Men then and Maxim now.  The basic audience has changed only in that young waspy men has shrunk as a percentage of the population.  Plus ça internet porn.

What I had a bigger problem with the essay is the somewhat implicitly dismissive attitude towards patron of the arts.  Very, very few of the people who made the arts possible, all the way from the Leonardos, Christopher Wrens, Sapphos, and their like—to the local mural painter are people who are doing anything other than making their sordid selves smell fresher to the world.  If it weren’t for truckloads of the guilty rich, we wouldn’t have many of the works of art and sciences that we do have.  If it werent for them, fewer philosophers and political activists would have been able to phampleteer their towns and spark off a revolution.  Hugh Hefner was no different than any other rich guy who wanted to make a mark, and he certainly made (more)possible for me to have been able to read some pretty good books.  I don’t like the man, and I certainly have never read a Playboy made later than the mid-Eighties, but I don’t think the author did a great job “mocking” Playboy.  Hey, I don’t mind trashing Playboy, and I don’t mind trashing Hefner, but in the end, these two were seriously not nearly as harmful of many other media, and they both have contributed at least a little bit to making my days, as well as others, better.  At least after I was done wanking off and read the thing.

Comment #24: shah8  on  01/04  at  08:01 PM

”*They weren’t even that necessary, as Hustler’s and Maxim’s success were later to prove.”

I don’t think was ever admitted outright, but I always assumed the stuff besides pictures was there to deal with the definition of pornography as having “no redeeming value”.  If you also had articles and fiction, along with the nudes, it wasn’t a purely prurient publication…

Comment #25: MikeEss  on  01/04  at  08:27 PM

“Very, very few of the people who made the arts possible, all the way from the Leonardos, Christopher Wrens, Sapphos, and their like—to the local mural painter are people who are doing anything other than making their sordid selves smell fresher to the world.  If it weren’t for truckloads of the guilty rich, we wouldn’t have many of the works of art and sciences that we do have.  If it werent for them, fewer philosophers and political activists would have been able to phampleteer their towns and spark off a revolution.”

Excellent point, shah8…

Comment #26: MikeEss  on  01/04  at  08:30 PM

I recall Ursula K. LeGuin writing in an essay about her work that she once wrote a story for Playboy (this was in the ‘60s when it stil had intellectual pretensions) and the magazine published her name as “U. K. Le Guin.” She says, “I have felt a little bit bent, a little U-shaped, ever since.”

The story is Nine Lives, with no women in it, unless you count members of a Borg-like clone.

Comment #27: sara  on  01/04  at  08:52 PM

I’m reminded of the enormous collection of contemporary art housed at the Playboy offices in Chicago (not all erotic my any means, some political and a large portion of the later stuff self-referential—lots of bunny heads in neon and such). Much of it was made for hire, and would occasionally fetch a pretty penny. We’d joke when we’d see the curator leading a group of foreign businessmen around the offices so they could look at whatever was on display. “Must be a debt coming due.”

There have been a number of collections of the non-pictorial works from Playboy made available in one form or another over the years. I know I worked on getting the entire corpus of Playboy Interviews (as many as they held rights to at the time at least) into web-friendly form as one of my early projects. There have been several anthologies of Playboy fiction published.

None of it ever does very well on the shelves, which some used to say pointed to the lie of the importance of “the articles.” It was my belief that that kind of material never sold very well, no matter where it gets published or by whom. It was all there to make the “hedonism” more widely palatable and therefore more lucrative. If it occasionally had any kind of profound or at least wider effect (Carter interview, for example), well, even a stopped clock is right at least twice a day.

Comment #28: MSM  on  01/04  at  09:06 PM

MikeEss:  Yes and no.  The self-conscious selection of high-brow authors was a major bulwark in Playboy’s legal defenses, but they also served to advance the magazine’s pitch: You, the reader, are a sophisticated man who reads sophisticated essays written by sophisticated authors. 

I believe there is another issue at play, too.  That the authors and subject matter were often considered (at the time) to be daring—Mailer, for example, appears to be a vulgar reactionary to modern audiences—reinforces the idea that the sophisticated man is capable of looking beyond the everyday sensibilities of his peers.  Not for nothing does Hef talk about Nietzsche, whose ubermensch is not bound by the conventional morality (and would in fact destroy them)!

If my belief is correct, the articles were not just a legal defense or an attempt to make the porn classy by association, but rather an integral part of persuading Playboy readers that conventional taboos about pornography were inapplicable to sophisticates such as themselves.

Of course, this requires believing that Hefner was not just name-dropping, and given the superficiality of Playboy’s “sophistication,” name-dropping is as likely an explanation, if not a more likely one.  Still, Hefner is often credited with undermining conventional taboos about sex (though he sadly didn’t replace them with an egalitarian ideal).  Certainly, those taboos *had* to be undermined in order for him to achieve money, power, and fame.  Given the reports of the Hef-centric Playboy management philosophy, I suspect that the whole thing, right down to the selection of articles, was organized around Hefner’s own rationalizations of why his interest in pornography was acceptable, if not noble.

Comment #29: Thom  on  01/04  at  09:08 PM

As MSM says, the brand now exists mainly to benefit an octagenerian, and when he dies the brand will likely follow in short order.
Maybe, but I wouldn’t be surprised to see the reverse, either.  Hef at thirty was a sort of imitation Bond - a well-dressed rich guy surrounded by cool gadgets and hot women.  Sure, he wasn’t actually doing anything important like Bond, but he was still a figure the reader could project himself into.

Nobody wants to project themselves into Hef at eighty.  Not only does his age make his “relationships” with successive generations of women more and more credibility-straining, imagining yourself at eighty isn’t exactly wish-fulfillment to begin with.  Worse, Hef’s attitudes are divergent from successive generations of *men*, which the magazine needs to appeal to because they’re the only audience it’s going to have.  Older men die or lose interest; they need a steady supply of younger readers and Hef’s perspective isn’t going to bring them in.  It’s increasingly clear that his personal psychological issues are dragging down the brand and it needs a new standard bearer (or possibly even several).

Fundamentally, the magazine invited the reader to share Hef’s lifestyle.  That invitation is well past its sell-by date.  But there’s no reason readers couldn’t be interested in sharing the lifestyle of, say, some younger male celebrities.

Maybe revitalizing the brand is impossible, or not worth the effort - but I don’t think it can be done with Hef in control, and since he apparently intends to stay in control as long as he’s alive, there you go.

Comment #30: chris  on  01/04  at  09:33 PM

Take all the other issues out of the equation and you are left with a pretty bog-standard biz school example of what happens to a company when a corporate patriarch hangs on far, far too long: he can impose his sadly antiquated ideas and expectations on the company, but can’t on the surrounding culture.  Companies in such a situation die, die, die.

Comment #31: seeker6079  on  01/04  at  09:42 PM

I’ll admit to having a soft spot in my heart for Playboy.  I attended a military school in the late sixties and there were three or four faculty members who were always trying to ban it as “inappropriate for impressionable young minds.”

My mother was the librarian and she finally stopped the move during a faculty meeting.  She said then: “My sons read Playboy.  I read Playboy.  I look at the pictures.  I get jealous.”  And thus ended the great Playboy controversy at my high school.

As far as the writing, I remember reading the original stories by Jean Shepherd in Playboy that were the basis for the movie A Christmas Story.  And at one time, the interviews were more often than not with newsmakers and politicians.

But I also agree with its current irrelevance, from a variety of causes.

Comment #32: dakine01  on  01/04  at  10:34 PM

Playboy had some good writing, but they made a lot of bad editorial decisions, too. For a while, they had this baffling obsession with weirdos as Q&A;subjects: assassins, neo-Nazis, assorted political cranks and just general dirtbags. I also remember their much-vaunted fiction degenerating until it was mostly down to two categories: excerpts from big-name blockbusters and gimmicky sci-fi.

As for the “Playboy Philosophy,” which boiled down to hedonism, Playboy could get every bit as self-righteous and finger-wagging as the stuffiest Jerry Falwell acolyte. Everyone who questioned the exploitive potential of young women posing nude was a Victorian prude who couldn’t appreciate the beauty of women’s sexuality blah blah blah.

Let’s face it: Hefner’s great achievement was putting together a magazine where guys could look at hot naked girls and not feel like perverts. That’s not an achievement that should be underestimated; it’s like saying that Ray Kroc took bread, meat and potatoes and built McDonald’s. He was ahead of his time, but as noted above, that time has passed.

Comment #33: Bitter Scribe  on  01/04  at  10:53 PM

Granted, his “girlfriends” are employees of his

I totally got this impression from his media relations, where he said “they may become my ‘girlfriends’”.... like wtf are we supposed to think. He’s what…. 80? These women are girlfriends by title only.

Again not blaming the women (though slightly disrespecting them for going with the program), but what the fuck. I deplore that geezer. Who thinks he’s still actually fucking these women? So, what’s the point for him? It’s all about control.

I don’t want to engage in ageism, but… ew. just…. ew.

And seriously, who reads Playboy for the articles? People who don’t read? It’s a wank mag with text “filler’‘.

Comment #34: banisteriopsis  on  01/05  at  12:28 AM

Pop quiz: where have you seen Playboy, except in a convenience store or a bathroom? in-n-out is their motto.

Comment #35: banisteriopsis  on  01/05  at  12:29 AM

Well, of course he’s fucking them.  That’s part of the “job” of being a “girlfriend”.  Dennis Prager said so.  Hugh Hefner is actually more progressive, because he actually compensates women who tolerate his penis, whereas Prager is a cheap bastard who intends to pay women who lower themselves to fucking him by not being a giant grumpy pain in the ass.  So Hef is an employer; Prager is a blackmailer.

Comment #36: Amanda Marcotte  on  01/05  at  12:37 AM

“I don’t doubt all the points made, but the near-death of the magazine Playboy can be pinned on the Religious Right’s successful crusade to get Playboy and Penthouse pulled from 7-11 and other stores nationwide.”

“I was under the impression that Playboy, like most mainstream print magazines, depended mainly on subscription sales, which in turn are more about circulation numbers driving CPM ad dollars than actual revenue from purchasers of the magazine.”

Of course magazines “depend” on subscriptions, but newstand sales were also a large chunk of sales, and audience (back when there were more newstands, or now convenience or grocery store sales, depending on the magazine.) My magazine experience ended in the ‘80s, but I can tell you that then cover photos and cover lines were considered vitally important in attracting the consumers at newstands, etc.

So before the internet, the first blow to the gut for nudey magazines was when they were dropped from 7-11, thanks to the machinations of the religious right. Fewer readers meant not only fewer newstand sales (at full cover price), but a smaller audience for advertisers, so ad rates would drop as well (and consequently, page count.)

The religious right didn’t object to the snotty lad magazine style of Maxim, ‘cause the pink parts were covered, and so the rise of the lad mags, to fill the gap.

Also: subscriptions come hand-in-glove with newstand sales—one of the prime places an eventual subscriber could get the first glimpse of a mag, and the reason why the world is polluted with so many of those damn fall-out subscription cards.

Apparently, after losing 7-11, Guccione went even harder to attract readers:

From Wikipedia:
“By the early 1990s, the magazine [Penthouse] was showing sexual penetration in many of its photo layouts, something the American porn magazine industry did not adopt until later in the decade.”

which didn’t boost sales enough, and Guccione’s stupid investments in (get this:) nuclear power and casinos, didn’t help either.

“... Decline and resignation
Numerous unsuccessful investments on Guccione’s part, including a never-built nuclear power plant and casino (which all-told lost in excess of $100 million USD), added to his publishing empire’s financial strain.[citation needed]

With the rise in online access to erotica and pornography in the 1990s, Penthouse’s circulation numbers began to suffer even more. In 2003, General Media (the publishing company for Penthouse) declared bankruptcy, and Guccione himself resigned as chairman and CEO of Penthouse International, Inc. The magazine as of June 2006 was still in publication and had an online presence; its circulation was estimated at 500,000, roughly a tenth of what it was in at its peak.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Guccione

Comment #37: judy brown  on  01/05  at  01:22 AM

Of course magazines “depend” on subscriptions, but newstand sales were also a large chunk of sales, and audience (back when there were more newstands, or now convenience or grocery store sales, depending on the magazine.) My magazine experience ended in the ‘80s, but I can tell you that then cover photos and cover lines were considered vitally important in attracting the consumers at newstands, etc.

Playboy had other channels besides the Southland Corp. to publicise its covers and boost circulation. I can see a minimal impact on marketing the subscriptions (the real purpose of the news rack placement), but I’d imagine the losses were offset by making an established and somewhat tame brand “forbidden fruit” again. Purchasers either went to other newsstands or subscribed. Which is why this sort of censorship usually fails.

Even with magazine sales, though, I understood that unlike most porn titles Playboy got more revenue from subscriptions than from newsstand sales (a suburban housewife might tolerate a husband’s Playboy subscription, but not one to Hustler). In any case, the brand was strong enough (and still is) that the distributors consider it a must-carry, alongside other big brands, mainstream or otherwise.

Penthouse was a different story—they were also a big brand, but always struggled to define themselves in that market. Guccione, trying to differentiate his book first from Playboy and then from Hustler, tried everything short of bestiality in regard to the porn content (his fatal flaw seemed to be his inability to escape his gauzy arty pretensions. And he also tried to out-Playboy Hefner on non-porn editorial by commissioning investigative articles and major science fiction authors. So I can definitely see removal from the newsstands damaging his brand recognition more seriously than it did Hefner’s.

And then in the ‘90s, I remember General Media hired some RIAA-style control-freak clown to run their on-line business who did the seemingly impossible: consistently lost money on Internet porn despite having a fairly decent brand, an archive, and first-mover status. Say what you want about Playboy‘s Internet misfortunes, but they didn’t occur for lack of competence.

Comment #38: Gracchus  on  01/05  at  02:12 AM

Maybe, but I wouldn’t be surprised to see the reverse, either.  Hef at thirty was a sort of imitation Bond - a well-dressed rich guy surrounded by cool gadgets and hot women.  Sure, he wasn’t actually doing anything important like Bond, but he was still a figure the reader could project himself into.

Maybe that’s part of the solution: re-booting the Hef persona like they re-booted Bond with Daniel Craig—same character, different actor. A little trickier to do with a real-life person, of course, but between American marketing know-how and Hef’s own descent into self-caricature, you never know. Maybe a Playboy reality show that, instead of promoting the “glory” of 80-year-old half-deaf Viagra-fueled Hef and his phoney girlfriends, conducts an “Apprentice”-like search for the new Hef.

Then again, there are issues of ego and control that preclude it ...

Older men die or lose interest; they need a steady supply of younger readers and Hef’s perspective isn’t going to bring them in.

For some reason, I remember an Eddie Murphy concert film or celeb roast appearance where Hefner was present in the audience. Murphy pointed him out and started praising Hef, who ate up the admiration with a big smile. Murphy then sequed into jokes about taking Playboy into the bathroom when he was a teenager, and suddenly Hef’s face fell into this stony and insulted look. It struck me as odd at the time.

Now I suspect that it was an expression of his resentment against those younger readers (like Murphy, like myself and other Gen Xers who still relied on magazines for porn) who rejected the already hokey “Playboy philosophy” but very much appreciated the nekkid girls. I also suspect that Hef was becoming even more proprietary about “his” girls as he aged.

Comment #39: Gracchus  on  01/05  at  02:15 AM

So Hef is an employer

That’s true. That “They may become my girlfriends” shit really irritated me, because he was conflating a business relationship with a romantic one, as if you could talk about someone becoming a girlfriend in response to a (multi-million?) dollar contract.

I’m really waiting for Phyllis Schlafly to release details on her latest bevy of studs. At least then we’d have fucking some parity.

Comment #40: banisteriopsis  on  01/05  at  02:44 AM

they certainly made that boyfriend ask me to do unreasonable things with my pubic hair (which I never did, thank goodness).

This made me laugh out loud. We just watched the Unbearable Lightness of Being this weekend, which we had never seen before, and there is tons of sex and female nudity throughout the movie. And it came out in 1988, but is set in Czechoslovakia in the late 1960s and 1970s so of course ... all the naked women have their actual, real public hair in a full triangle. I couldn’t even think the last time I saw a picture of a woman who is supposed to be attractive who actually had pubic hair. They don’t even do the landing strip anymore.

Comment #41: chingona  on  01/05  at  03:01 AM

Sara at 6.52:

I don’t suppose you can recall the name of the Le Guin essay? Or what it might have been published in, or when?

Comment #42: Chris  on  01/05  at  08:49 AM

Re: myself at 6.49:

Nevermind, I fail at google. (It’s The Language of the Night: Essays on Fantasy and Science Fiction, 1980, page 228, if anyone else is curious.)

Feel free to delete both my posts if anyone moderator-y is reading =)

Comment #43: Chris  on  01/05  at  08:55 AM

I still have a subscription, though God knows why.  Sometimes they sit in the wrapper for weeks.  Tradition, I suppose.

I will say this, many of the women portrayed therein seemed to me to be people I’d actually like to get to know and talk to.  They mostly seemed real and human.  I suppose I’m a doof and I fell for the whole “girl next door” shtick.

The way many of the other rags portrayed women always left me more than a little uncomfortable.  They were either surreal or repulsively masochistic.

I won’t quibble with any criticism made but Playboy isn’t the only slick magazine in trouble, porn or otherwise.  However pitiful Hef’s attempt at urbanity was/is, it was still an attempt.  In the end, one must admit that his court battles against the fundies had positive effects that linger to this day.

Comment #44: Magis  on  01/05  at  01:56 PM

Hef’s taste has always been upwardly mobile middlebrow. The lifestyle shtick and Hef as celebrity was the main selling point; the content (nude or otherwise) was always mediocre stuff. Hefner’s lack of artistic vision dragged down the enterprise and makes him useless as a patron. What has he created or commissioned of note? Neon bunny ears? Mediocre cheesecake? It’s pretty slim pickings. 

This piece in the LA Times reads like Sunset Blvd. Hef and his waxworks of B-listers partying like it was 1975.

I think his best moment was dumping Kimberley Conrad after discovering Viagra.

Comment #45: PanAmerican  on  01/05  at  02:32 PM

1. the thing that really started Playboy’s death was Penthouse. Guccione even ran a full-page ad (possibly in the NY Times?) with the bunny outline in crosshairs. More to the point: Penthouse showed pubic hair, while Playboy did not. Eventually, Playboy succumbed (the last centerfold before that had a blond standing behind a fishbowl). The point is, Playboy had tried to position itself as a racier version of Esquire (Hef and other staff had worked at Esquire), but still full of Good Taste and such; being forced to compete on the #1 item mentioned above kind of pushed Playboy off that pedestal.

2. A lot of the early-early writing was stuff that the (famous) authors couldn’t actually get published anywhere else, because of some racy aspect to it. This obviously became less true, in part because of the liberalization that Playboy had helped champion.

3. The centerfolds through the 60s were actually pretty normal-sized women.

4. Many of the interviews in the 60s were really quite good. The other thing that was nice is that a lot of the Playboy writing, like a lot of Rolling Stone in the early years, is that the editors weren’t afraid of long pieces. (Let’s not forget that Silkwood was written for Rolling Stone, IIRC.) Now, there are very few mags, and certainly no “lifestyle” mags, that assume the reader will bother with more than a few paragraphs.

5. Playboy also ran an 8-part series on sociobiology that was gag-worthy, like the rest of sociobiology.

Comment #46: Narya  on  01/05  at  03:22 PM

i thought that this was sorta relevant:
http://thisisindexed.com/2009/01/inflation-deflation-whatever/

also - funny smile

Comment #47: denelian  on  01/05  at  09:55 PM

Magis—It’s interesting you fell for the girl next door schtick.  My brother worked for Playboy in the mid-90s as a writer.  He helped write Playmate profiles and did online chats.  So the girl-next-door looked less like the airbrushed Barbie and was the product of the imagination of underemployed graduate students who looked like Antonio Gramsci. 

So apparently the magazine, like Hef, does not trust women to be exciting enough on their own.  Gotta bring in dudes to make them interesting.

Comment #48: pennylane  on  01/05  at  10:34 PM

As Mr. Hefner later proposed, “Playboy exists, in part, as a motivation for men to expend greater effort in their work, develop their capabilities further and climb higher on the ladder of success.”

I get a certain whiff of Objectivism from this, somehow.

Anyway, I wish there were a newsstand magazine publishing literary fiction—-I’m not wildly interested in seeing pictures of naked women anyway*. I didn’t realize <cite>Playboy</cite> wasn’t such a magazine even in its golden years.

If I’d won the internship I applied for there a decade ago this post wouldn’t make me feel differently about it, but I do feel better about not winning it.

*That sounds like a line, or bragging about my own virtue or something. It’s not, but everything I type to expand on that only looks yet more insincere.

Comment #49: Hershele Ostropoler  on  01/05  at  11:43 PM

As smut, Playboy is weak. The only difference between it and Maxim is that Maxim gets to be sold at regular newsstands and it has less stigma attached to it, simply because the women have certain parts covered up. You can find more “smut” in the photography section of your local book store.

I don’t read either, since I don’t care much for the commentary that supposedly is of my interest. Just give me good reading, I’ll get my smut elsewhere.

Comment #50: MarkusR  on  01/06  at  11:52 AM

Playboy was fun and I enjoyed it in the late 70s-early 80s in college.  but then,. so was disco.  Haven’t listened to the Village People in years either…

Comment #51: Woodrowfan  on  01/06  at  10:32 PM
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