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Taser abuse: how many have to die before something is done about it?

I point you over to Electronic Village, where Villager is keeping track of some sobering stats—the number of deaths due to the misuse or abuse of the Taser.  We're up to 36 deaths this year, with 39% of the pre-trial,  extra-judicial electrocutions and executions were perpetrated against black men, who represent only 6% of the population in the U.S.

  1. Jan 9, 2009: Derrick Jones, 17, Black, Martinsville, Virginia
  2. Jan 11, 2009: Rodolfo Lepe, 31, Hispanic, Bakersfield, California
  3. Jan 22, 2009: Roger Redden, 52, Caucasian, Soddy Daisy, Tennessee
  4. Feb 2, 2009: Garrett Jones, 45, Caucasian, Stockton, California
  5. Feb 11, 2009: Richard Lua, 28, Hispanic, San Jose, California
  6. Feb 13, 2009: Rudolph Byrd, Age Unknown, Race Unknown, Quincy, Florida
  7. Feb 13, 2009: Michael Jones, 43, Black, Iberia, Louisiana
  8. Feb 14, 2009: Chenard Kierre Winfield, 32, Black, Los Angeles, California
  9. Feb 28, 2009: Robert Lee Welch, 40, Caucasian, Conroe, Texas
  10. Mar 22, 2009: Brett Elder, 15, Caucasian, Bay City, Michigan
  11. Mar 26, 2009: Marcus D. Moore, 40, Black, Freeport, Illinois
  12. Apr 1, 2009: John J. Meier Jr., 48, Caucasian, Tamarac, Florida
  13. Apr 6, 2009: Ricardo Varela, 41, Hispanic, Fresno, California
  14. Apr 10, 2009: Robert Mitchell, 16, Black, Detroit, Michigan
  15. Apr 16, 2009: Gary A. Decker, 50, Black, Tuscon, Arizona
  16. Apr 18, 2009: Michael Jacobs Jr., 24, Black, Fort Worth, Texas
  17. Apr 30, 2009: Kevin LaDay, 35, Black, Lumberton, Texas
  18. May 4, 2009: Gilbert Tafoya, 53, Caucasian, Holbrook, Arizona
  19. May 17, 2009: Jamaal Valentine, 27, Black, La Marque, Texas
  20. May 23, 2009: Gregory Rold, 37, Black, Salem, Oregon
  21. Jun 9, 2009: Brian Cardall, 32, Caucasian, Hurricane, Utah
  22. Jun 13, 2009: Dwight Madison, 48, Black, Bel Air, Maryland
  23. Jun 20, 2009 Derrek Kairney, 36, Race: Unknown, South Windsor, Connecticut
  24. Jun 30, 2009, Shawn Iinuma, 37, Race: Unknown, Fontana, California
  25. Jul 2, 2009, Rory McKenzie, 25, Black, Bakersfield, California
  26. Jul 20, 2009, Charles Anthony Torrence, 35, Caucasian, Simi Valley, California
  27. Jul 30, 2009, Johnathan Michael Nelson, 27, Caucasian, Riverside County, California
  28. Aug 9, 2009, Terrace Clifton Smith, 52, Race: Unknown, Moreno Valley, California
  29. Aug 12, 2009, Ernest Ridlehuber, 53, Race: Unknown, Greenville, South Carolina
  30. Aug 14, 2009, Hakim Jackson, 31, Black, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  31. Aug 18, 2009, Ronald Eugene Cobbs, 38, Black, Greensboro, North Carolina
  32. Aug 20, 2009, Francisco Sesate, 36, Hispanic, Mesa, Arizona
  33. Aug 22, 2009, T.J. Nance, 37, Race: Unknown, Arizona City, Arizona
  34. Aug 26, 2009, Unidentified Man, Age: TBD, Race: Unknown, Los Angeles, California
  35. Sep 3, 2009, Shane Ledbetter, Age: 38, Caucasian, Aurora, Colorado
  36. Sep 21, 2009, Richard Battistata, Age: 44, Race: Unknown, Laredo, Texas

***

In the above video, Stanley Harlen was pulled over for allegedly speeding; he stopped in front of his house. As his mother came out in her robe, she watched as officers wrestled with him. One officer fired the Taser three times for 31 seconds. For 14 minutes he received no medical attention; when paramedics arrived it was too late. He was dead. The Moberly city manager’s response is hardly reassuring. Andy Morris: Harlen’s death is “unanticipated and unintentional. Police officers must often make split-second decisions in tense, rapidly-evolving situations.”

Ken Burton, the Police Chief of nearby Columbia, MO’s PD also has officers who use Tasers but he strictly limits their use—no fleeing subjects are allowed to be tased, and when deployed, only for 5 seconds at at time.

This CBS report showed a graph of statistics, compiled by Taser International itself, and the growth in the use of these “non-lethal” devices has skyrocketed from 500 law enforcement agencies in 2000 to 14,201 in 2009. And there are no mandatory standards or training for Taser usage. Taser International has actually put out a disingenuous statement that defies reality, considering the rising body count.

The electrical output of a taser device is incapable of causing death.

Sure, the voltage alone in one blast itself may not kill, but what about the medical condition of the tasing victim? What about shocking someone for 31 seconds? What about repeated blasts to an elderly or disabled individual? This is a situation out of control.

 

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Posted by Pam Spaulding on 01:20 PM • (35) Comments

Minor quibble - it’s not voltage that causes death, but the amount of current.  IIRC, 0.01 Amperes is sufficient to cause a deadly cardiac irregularity.

</nerd>

Comment #1: Richard Goblin  on  09/24  at  02:00 PM

The statement is inherently stupid.  Any force or trauma is capable of causing death to a person, depending on circumstance or illness.  That’s a poker tell—he’s wrong and he knows it, so he establishes an inherently stupid position.

Comment #2: Punditus Maximus  on  09/24  at  02:19 PM

I do know that Kentucky State Troopers undergo training before they are issued a taser. They even have it used on them as part of the training. I only know this because I have a friend who is a Trooper and I have the video of him getting tased. The fact that there are police forces that don’t have training is inexcusable.

Comment #3: Mark  on  09/24  at  02:23 PM

Numerous objects that people would otherwise consider completely harmless can be used to kill or harm someone. Cops who are handed these weapons (that’s what they are, despite the claims of the companies that make these things) are given something that, while less lethal than a handgun, are STILL LETHAL.

A person’s -fists- are lethal. And all too often, cops are buying into the hype these companies throw around that say “Oh, these things are completely harmless” despite the fact that they can not only cause death but, if they don’t cause death, can cause severe burns at the impact point.

I could just say “more training is needed” but that only solves part of the problem. The other part of the problem is keeping tasers out of the hands of cops who get off on the power trip (which sadly, is frequently only something you can see while a cop is on duty).

I would argue that the issue is less with Taser International’s ridiculous statement (although it deserves a lot of ridicule for the sheer “WTF?!” factor) and more with cops who see the taser as a cure-all, and the culture that says they can wield it with impugnity.

Comment #4: DizzyMusician  on  09/24  at  02:35 PM

Tasers have to be treated as lethal weapons that often fail to kill, rather than as non-lethal weapons that occasionally kill.

Comment #5: Hector B.  on  09/24  at  02:57 PM

WOW…as usual Pam you need to get your facts right before posting your crap.  First, according the coronor’s report, Derrick Jones DID NOT die from the taser.  Second, it is impossible for the taser to cycle for 31 seconds, it only runs on 5 second cycles, if the officer recycled 3 times that would be 15 seconds. And finally, there are standards that officers have to meet in order to carry a taser.  There is classroom time, a written test, and a practical exercise using the taser, including each officer has to be tased.  SO, yet again and at no big suprise, you continually post false information and play the race card YET again.  Keep up the great work!!!

Comment #6: cookie  on  09/24  at  03:22 PM

Taser FAIL

Comment #7: sirkowski  on  09/24  at  03:42 PM

First, according the coronor’s report, Derrick Jones DID NOT die from the taser.

According to the news report I saw, the coroner could not conclusively prove that the taser blast killed Jones.

And, impossible? Not according to CBS News/AP:

In August 2008, Athena Bachtel, watched as her son was tasered after arguing with Moberly police during a traffic stop. Stanley Harlan, 23, was stunned three times for a total of 31 seconds. He collapsed and went into cardiac arrest. For 14 minutes he received no medical attention. By the time paramedics arrived, it was too late.

Moberly Missouri settled the Harlan case for 2.4 million dollars. http://www.cbsnews.com/blogs/2009/05/14/crimesider/entry5013690.shtml

Comment #8: Hector B.  on  09/24  at  03:57 PM

I think a lot of people in authority seem to be using tasers as part of a generalized “only the strong survive” policy. Sure, a taser is highly unlikely to kill a healthy adult with no pre-existing cardiac or central-nervous-system problems. But it’s pretty clear at this point that police are using tasers under circumstances where not only wouldn’t they consider guns (also pretty nonlethal in most police hands, for better or worse) but where they wouldn’t consider nightsticks.

And no one would be OK with a policy of randomly hitting citizens with nightsticks and then complaining that those who were injured must have particularly weak bones.

Comment #9: paul  on  09/24  at  04:09 PM

Really, the coroner’s report conclusively said that Derrick Jones did not die from the taser?  You’ve seen the report?

The links I found only say that the autopsy was inconclusive.  And he did die after the taser was used, where he was not dead before it was used, and he wasn’t shot to death, so I think it’s reasonable to conclude that the taser had something to do with it.

The video said the taser was applied to Stanley Harlen 3 times for a total of 31 seconds.  It doesn’t say that the taser was actually activated during all that time.  As far as a “5-second cycle,” I’ve never seen any indication that you can’t just hold down the button as long as you like.

The Columbia police chief talked about the taser as “less lethal,” not non-lethal.  Maybe he was just being careful, but still the evidence is clear that people CAN die from being tasered, because people HAVE died from being tasered.  So the taser company’s statement is ridiculous on its face.

Comment #10: liberalrob  on  09/24  at  04:09 PM

First, according the coronor’s report, Derrick Jones DID NOT die from the taser.

Since Taser sues coroners who put the Taser as the cause of death in their reports, I’m not surprised the coroner didn’t report it that way.  People will do a lot to avoid a lawsuit.

Comment #11: Mnemosyne  on  09/24  at  04:12 PM

“Police officers must often make split-second decisions in tense, rapidly-evolving situations.”

For example, when a young man is standing in his front yard with his hands raised saying “I’m not resisting,” that is a tense, rapidly-evolving situation where the officer must make a split-second decision to deploy his taser, because clearly that is what a suspect does just before charging the officer with intent to inflict harm on him.

Comment #12: liberalrob  on  09/24  at  04:24 PM

The electrical output of a taser device is incapable of causing death.

It wasn’t the bullet that killed him.  He just failed to clot fast enough.

My god, I want to line these yahoos up in a court of law, right before they’re trucked out into the court of public opinion.  Then beaten with a sack of hammers that are too light to cause serious injury.

Comment #13: Zifnab  on  09/24  at  04:30 PM

The electrical output of a taser device is incapable of causing death.

You know, if a baseball hits you in the chest at the wrong moment, it can screw up the rhythm of your heart and kill you.  I find it hard to believe that shooting electricity into someone’s body couldn’t possibly kill them, ever.

Comment #14: Mnemosyne  on  09/24  at  04:45 PM

“Police officers must often make split-second decisions in tense, rapidly-evolving situations.”


“tense, rapidly-evolving situations” = The Perp is Black…

Comment #15: MikeEss  on  09/24  at  04:47 PM

The electrical output of a taser device is incapable of causing death.

That’s dead wrong. Shoot electricity directly through a heart and it takes a LOT less than a taser’s output to kill. They’re really saying that something that can jumble up a nervous system won’t frazzle the heart if applied directly??

Comment #16: gwangung  on  09/24  at  05:04 PM

The taser was always meant to be used as an alternative to discharging a firearm.  Unfortunately, it now seems that more often it is used in the place of things like batons, pepper spray and defensive unarmed combat techniques, or even to force a completely passive subject to comply with police orders.  That simply can’t be tolerated.

Comment #17: DaveL  on  09/24  at  05:16 PM

Here’s a quick overview of Macroshock (ordinary electrical shock) vs. Microshock (possibly produced by a Taser?):

http://answers.google.com/answers/threadview/id/173038.html

Microshock is of high concern in medical settings because the currents needed to cause cardiac fibrillation are so low that the patient might not even feel them… until they can never feel anything again…

Comment #18: MikeEss  on  09/24  at  05:22 PM

Is “cookie” one of TAYZERR®‘s paid spokesbloggers?

Comment #19: pseudonymous in nc  on  09/24  at  05:26 PM

Is “cookie\” one of TAYZERR®’s paid spokesbloggers?

No.  S/he simply believes that if the police do it, it’s not a crime.

Comment #20: Seraph  on  09/24  at  05:48 PM

That’s dead wrong. Shoot electricity directly through a heart and it takes a LOT less than a taser’s output to kill. They’re really saying that something that can jumble up a nervous system won’t frazzle the heart if applied directly??

Not to mention the ability to kill someone who is epileptic whose condition 1) can cause non-compliance (since they have no control over their nervous system at the time) and 2) in which an electrical shock can prevent the brain from regulating itself post-seizure.

Comment #21: pennylane  on  09/24  at  05:59 PM

There’s been a lot of work done on the effect of Tasers on the electrical activity of the heart.  Some of it has been done in pigs (anesthetized so that they do not feel pain), and some in healthy volunteers (often police officers).  The general consensus is that given the electrode positioning, and the amount of current flowing, it can’t cause problems.  And in the pigs and healthy volunteers, it hasn’t caused problems.

The problem is that much of the research has been funded by Taser International, so it’s hard to know how far to trust it.  To my knowledge, not a lot of research has been done on the effect of tasers on non-healthy people, people with underlying cardiac conditions or people on drugs (legal or illegal—yes, legal prescription drugs can affect the electrical activity in your heart, even ones that aren’t prescribed for anything to do with the heart).

And fundamentally, the fact remains that people are dying after being tasered.  Empirical evidence trumps everything.  Something is happening, and we don’t know what.  Maybe this should make us rethink handing out tasers like candy and shooting people with them at the drop of a hat.

I actually just attended a biomedical engineering conference where there was an entire oral session on tasers.  Sadly, I wasn’t able to attend that session (there were two other sessions more directly related to my line of work that had to take priority), but I do have the short papers that were presented there.  Haven’t had a chance to read them yet.  I bet that was an interesting Q&A;session, though.

Comment #22: snowmentality  on  09/24  at  06:13 PM

The general consensus is that given the electrode positioning, and the amount of current flowing, it can’t cause problems.

Um, isn’t electrode positioning something that would be the most variable in the real world? Or am I missing something here?

Comment #23: gwangung  on  09/24  at  06:40 PM

You list doesn’t include the ‘I thought I was tasing him when I shot him’ excuse, Pam.

Anyhow, if they taze someone and that situation wasn’t appropriate for a gun, then they should be fined and penalized.  Grr.

Comment #24: Crissa  on  09/24  at  06:52 PM

S/he simply believes that if the police do it to a black man, it’s not a crime.

Fixed it for you.

Comment #25: Keori  on  09/24  at  07:28 PM

“Tasers have to be treated as lethal weapons that often fail to kill, rather than as non-lethal weapons that occasionally kill.”

Which is what the Santa Cruz PD does. If a Taser is used, there’s an automatic investigation regardless of injury level, to see if there really was a danger to the officers or public requiring the use of extreme force. Of course, one still hopes the investigation is serious, but at least there’s an official understanding that the Taser is only a half-step down from gun use and the result is that the officers very rarely use them.

Comment #26: Samantha Vimes  on  09/24  at  07:29 PM

gwangung, yeah, it does vary in the real world.  The theory is that no position it could conceivably take would cause death given the voltage.

Comment #27: snowmentality  on  09/24  at  07:39 PM

gwangung, yeah, it does vary in the real world.  The theory is that no position it could conceivably take would cause death given the voltage.

Well…they better adjust the theory, then. As you say, facts trump theory.

Comment #28: gwangung  on  09/24  at  08:49 PM

snowmentality:

the (semitechnical) versions of those research reports that I’ve read suggest that the work suffers from both small N (When you’re tasering thousands or tens of thousands of people, a couple hundred research subjects don’t tell you squat) and a very limited model of what the dangers might be (in particular, what I’ve read about asks only whether a taser can deliver enough current to physically damage the heart or stop it, but not whether it can screw up heart rhythm). I’d be interested to see what you think of the papers you got.

Comment #29: paul  on  09/24  at  09:23 PM

the taser is supposed to be (and is marketed and promoted as such) a non-lethal alternative to lethal force; it instead of a gun.

if that’s the case, and police forces are employing it in that capacity (non-lethal alternative), than it logically should only be employed in those instances where the use of lethal force ordinarily would be, in the absence of the taser.

the pattern demonstrated by nearly every one of the fatal uses of the taser, were in situations that, according to most law enforcement jurisdictions, would not be a “lethal force” qualifier. what this tells me is either:

a. the taser is not being employed as a non-lethal alternative, only in life threatening situations, but as a standard use option, much like a night stick, per agency policies. or,

b. the officers themselves are in violation of their force’s policies, with respect to life threatening vs non life threatening situations, in their use of the taser.

it has to be one or the other.

Comment #30: cpinva  on  09/25  at  12:57 AM

The usual scam is to blame the death on the victim’s presumed use of illicit drugs of the cocaine / amphetamine family, many of which are rapidly metabolized and may be missed on toxicology screens, even if drawn in the ER. So what if the drug can’t be demonstrated? The police or company lawyer will still be able to imply that victim was the sort to abuse drugs, and therefore was somehow to blame for his own death. This works with juries.

Comment #31: NancyP  on  09/25  at  04:11 AM

Nancyp:

There’s even some evidence that use of illicit stimulants predisposes the heart to weird behaviors over the long term. But all of that blame-the-victim stuff is coming from a really pathologically weird position. In other circumstances an unlawful attacker is strictly liable for the unknown health problems of their victim. If you rob a bank, even with only a note in view, and someone keels over with a heart attack, you’re a murderer.

But not when you have a badge and use a fancy gadget.

Comment #32: paul  on  09/25  at  10:13 AM

“how many have to die before something is done about it?”

With all due respect, the question the headline poses is the wrong question.  It’s not the numbers of people who die that matter, it’s which people die.
“Something” will be done when the child (adult, young adult, adolescent, or juve) of a Senator, Governor, Fortune 500 CEO, or the patriarch of the local patrician (ie, landholding, old-money) family dies by Taser®, and not before.
But of course everyone here, including Ms Spaulding, knows that.  I’m guessing the question was worded as it was because of the echoes of Bob Dylan (plus, it’d be hard to write a concise, pithy version that was also fully accurate).

</pedant>

Comment #33: smartalek  on  09/27  at  12:35 PM

The taser was always meant to be used as an alternative to discharging a firearm.

No, no, no, a thousand times NO!  The taser and other less-than-lethal weapons in its class are marketed and intended to be a replacement for batons and hard handed control techniques, on the theory that if the officer dosen’t have to close and engage in hand to hand combat, thereby reducing the chance of serious bodily injury to both the officer and the arrestee.  That said, I think many of my collegues are far to quick to go to the Taser.

Comment #34: Ol_Froth  on  09/28  at  10:39 AM

Pam:

If you Google some of the names on the list of “taser deaths” you find that the story is more complicated and the evidence that tasers were to blame is not conclusive.  In one case, the suspect actually managed to stab himself in the chest.  In another, he had congestive heart failure, ran from the hospital and was fighting in someone’s home when he was tased.  But he’s listed here as being killed by cop’s taser because a taser was used.  There isn’t strong evidence yet that tasers kill.  At all.  I’m all for figuring out how to use nonlethal force effectively and safely.  But I really don’t like the assumption that tasers are bad, cops are killers and the situation is out of control.  I know our own police dept as recently upgraded taser usage reporting and enforces strict usage guidelines.  Still, people leap to conclusions and point fingers.  Its extremely frustrating. 

If your job required you to get control of violent, drunk, insane, armed criminals every day for your job you might think more carefully before making so many assumptions.  Fortunately, we get to type on laptops and make our judgments in safety.

Comment #35: alleen  on  09/28  at  06:19 PM
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