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Two Hollywood snapshots of history

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Yesterday afternoon we saw two very different looks at the American Civil War.  Since the Oscars are coming up, actually the awards show is tonight, Turner Classic Movies has been featuring 31 Days of Oscar.  When we tuned in, Gone With the Wind (1939) was on. This film is a monumental achievement in filmmaking. If you are a classic film buff as I am, it’s full of cinematic treats.

I have David O. Selznick’s Hollywood (1980; I have the 1985 edition; first editions are worth $500 and up). The massive coffee table book by Ronald Haver—425 pages, weighing in at 7 lbs!— is a treasure trove of luscious photos, background information on the prolific producer and his films and features an entire chapter on GWTW’s history, including the search to cast Scarlett O’Hara (a very green Lana Turner, and a too-old Tallulah Bankhead!). If you thought the making of James Cameron’s Titanic (1997) was awash in controversy and behind-the-scenes madness, it has nothing on what went on during the making of GWTW, and Haver covers it all, including the fact that Selznick’s manic, focused energy to complete a project of this scope make it into theatres was boosted by daily shots of B12, thyroid extract and speed—Benzedrine. It was an insane production with director swaps, insecure actors (the perfectly cast Clark Gable and Vivien Leigh), rewrites, accidents…it was a mess that produced a marvel. From a 1998 doco on the film:

Much has been made of the painful, romanticized depiction of slavery in the film (including a purposeful glossing over of the role of principal characters in the Klan), but the fact of the matter is this was author Margaret Mitchell’s vision. It’s also interesting to think that the politics and pain of the real Civil War were not that distant in 1939. Upon this viewing, I focused on the absolutely abominable misogyny of Rhett Butler, and wondered how that went over in 1939. Anyway, since I’ve seen the film so many times, as I watched the performance of Hattie McDaniel as Mammy this time around, I thought about what life was like for her off-screen during this time. The Wichita, Kansas-born stage actress and radio performer was the daughter of former slaves and became the first black actress to win an Academy Award for her role in GWTW. McDaniel is less known for her activism in the “Sugar Hill” case in Los Angeles in 1938 that involved well-known black actors (among them Ethel Waters and Louise Beavers) who moved into the West Adams neighborhood only to find out that some of their white neighbors drew up a secret race-based restrictive covenant among themselves to keep blacks out, refusing to sell to any interested in their property. These white homeowners eventually tried to sue to preserve their covenant, but the case was tossed out.

When she won the Oscar, this is the speech McDaniel gave; in Haver’s book it was revealed that it was ghost-written by someone at the studio. Having that in mind, what she delivered, again, was a product of its time.

“Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, fellow members of the motion picture industry and honored guests: This is one of the happiest moments of my life, and I want to thank each one of you who had a part in selecting me for one of their awards, for your kindness. It has made me feel very, very humble; and I shall always hold it as a beacon for anything that I may be able to do in the future. I sincerely hope I shall always be a credit to my race and to the motion picture industry. My heart is too full to tell you just how I feel, and may I say thank you and God bless you.”

To put this into perspective, Hattie McDaniel and Butterfly McQueen were excluded from the lavish festivities

surrounding the premiere of GWTW in segregated Atlanta. It sickens the stomach.

The next film we watched, with clips and more commentary, are below the fold.
BTW, there are many other fascinating chapters earlier in Haver’s book for movie buffs, including the history of two- and three-strip Technicolor, which is responsible for the amazing look of the film (one of the other early triumphs of Technicolor that folks should check out is The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938) with Errol Flynn and Olivia de Havilland; it’s a visual feast).

After that aired, the next film up is already a classic, and one of my favorite films, Glory (1989). I weep every time I see this movie, which depicts the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, the first all-black volunteer unit in the Army, and its battles during the Civil War. The trailer:

Watching it this time, it held even more meaning for me, viewing it through the lens of this country having just elected its first black president.  This film’s stirring score by James Horner, featuring the the Boys Choir of Harlem, injects such emotion and depth into the film that it serves as primary character in the film. Try watching the scenes without sound sometime.

I wept repeatedly while sitting through Glory yesterday, knowing how far we have come, yet how clearly we still suffer as a country when it comes to race relations. These men fought without the rights of full citizenship. They died for the same country that would institutionally see the descendants of the 54th as “less than” for decades under the humiliation of Jim Crow. Not until Harry Truman desegregated the military were blacks able to serve in the armed forces alongside their white counterparts. But the men of the 54th fought for the promise of something better, if not for themselves, but for those who would follow.

The two clips below are both moving and disturbing. First, on the left, the soldiers, now having been through training, have received their Union uniforms (and what an effort it was for Shaw to obtain them from the bigoted quartermaster, seen in the clip on the right), march into just-captured Beaufort, SC expecting to see battle, only to be forced to used as tools by the corrupt, racist Union commander to participate in war atrocities that live up to the phrase “war of Northern aggression.” Shaw eventually pulls strings to get his men pulled from this assignment and on to battle.

The clip on the right takes place a bit earlier, and includes the scene where Denzel Washington’s character is whipped for desertion, a former slave physically and emotionally scarred from his past bondage, whose defiance is not shaken by the lash. The scenes leading up to it show another slice of Glory’s brilliance—the depiction of the educational, cultural and philosophical gulfs in the 54th between educated and uneducated blacks - former slaves and free men from the North, all serving together in this unit. Col. Shaw wants so badly to know his men, but that his own cultural background is so dissimilar from theirs. Rather than accepting this gulf as insurmountable, he engages Morgan Freeman’s character to help him learn.

I didn’t intend for this to be a lengthy piece, and I’m pretty tuckered out from writing it, but I hope it was an interesting off-the-beaten-path Blend post. Nap time.

 

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Posted by Pam Spaulding on 01:00 PM • (14) Comments

I have David O. Selznick’s Hollywood (1980; I have the 1985 edition; first editions are worth $500 and up).  Would that be pre financial meltdown dollars or post meltdown?

Comment #1: knowdoubt  on  02/22  at  02:11 PM

I find it fascinating that, in 1938-39, a pretty low point in American race relations, the Academy saw fit to both nominate and actually give the Oscar to Hattie McDaniels, while this year none of the actors from Slumdog Millionaire were even nominated, in this our great era of post-racial awesomeness. 

Which isn’t to say that none of them were nominated purely because of racism (a lot of it has to do with Hollywood politics and Who Gets Nominated and such), but it’s kind of weird to see a film nominated in basically every non-performance category and not even have one tokenistic actor nod.  And one of the main reasons I can come up with for that is that it’s a movie about Brown People, Ohnoes!

Comment #2: The Opoponax  on  02/22  at  02:51 PM

I agree that part of the reason for no Oscar noms for any of the cast of Slumdog is due to race, but I also think a lot of it has to do with name recognition.  The Academy seems to automatically prefer established names over newcomers (while many in the cast have had prior roles, for most this is their very first appearance in a major American production), and while newcomers have been nominated and even occasionally won, if you look over the past 10-20 years of nominations, there are very few names that weren’t already recognized from prior work who got nominations.

It’s undeniable that racism still touches every major industry in America, including entertainment, though I think Hollywood has been more progressive than many other industries in terms of progress towards racial equality.

Comment #3: DTG in STL  on  02/22  at  03:26 PM

Knowing that speech was written for her certainly does change my take on it.  I wonder what her true thoughts in that moment were.  It makes total sense now the whole credit to my race line.

Comment #4: womanistmusings  on  02/22  at  03:27 PM

The Academy voters are top-heavy with old, retired farts (in the main, white heterosexual men) still smarting that women, Hispanics and blacks have “taken their jobs.”

Which is the main reason “Brokeback Mountain” lost the award to “Crash,” and the brown people in “Slumdog Millionaire” weren’t even nominated.

It was an open secret in Hollywood that the old cabal of white entitled guys vowed to make “Brokeback” lose, and I have no doubt they also made it a point to nominate around the cast of “Slumdog.”

As for Rhett Butler’s misogyny, his character was based on Mitchell’s first husband Red Upshaw, who she’d married during her rebellious flapper days, was a bootlegger (if I remember her biography correctly) who practiced domestic violence. A sweetheart who, after Gone with the Wind became a blockbuster, came back and threatened to blackmail her with that info.

Domestic violence (as well as divorce) was then considered shameful for the woman (as would have been the revealing that she’d been married to a bootlegger.) Although ex-hubby never made good on his threats, Mitchell was haunted by them, one of the main reasons she shunned publicity.

Upshaw may also have sexually assaulted Mitchell after their divorce.

Comment #5: judybrowni  on  02/22  at  04:02 PM

Holy hell.  Now we’re whining about a lack of tokenism.

Slumdog’s actors weren’t “nominated around” because they are brown people.  They were nominated around because they were brown people no one in the Academy had ever heard of and the Hollywood Foreign Press Association didn’t see fit to make their names famous at the Golden Globes. 

90% of Oscar noms seem to be cut and pasted straight from the Golden Globes, and it takes a considerable amount of buzz for a non-GG nominee to break into the Oscar mix. Thats what the Oscars are about: buzz.  Hype.  Reputations.  Name Recognition.  Paying your dues.  Unfortunately for them, the actors in Slumdog have only just been admitted to the cool kids club.  Maybe next time around they’ll be able to skate by on hype alone like many a past and current Oscar nominee.

Perhaps instead of lashing out at the (admittedly lazy) “cabal” of the academy, you should direct 90% of your anger at the foreign press who saw fit to lavish praise on Slumdog the movie but not its actors.

Suppose they had given a token nomination to one Slumdog actor (with no chance of winning).  Does that make everything better?  Is it not enough that this film has 10 nominations and is predicted to clean up tonight?

Of course, maybe the possibility exists that the performances in Slumdog, however good, didn’t measure up.

Comment #6: Sjt  on  02/22  at  05:09 PM

I agree that part of the reason for no Oscar noms for any of the cast of Slumdog is due to race, but I also think a lot of it has to do with name recognition.

Yeah, that’s part of it.  The other part of it, which I think is probably the real reason nobody, even the one actor in it who should be recognizable to Americans (Irfan Khan), was nominated, has to do with SAG issues.  SAG members nominate the actors, and due to union loyalty they’re unlikely to nominate anyone who isn’t in SAG. 

Then again, Irfan Khan should be in SAG by now, he’s acted in enough big budget American movies…  Though his performance wasn’t all that noteworthy.  Then again, when did the Oscars ever have anything to do with whose performances were worthy of note?

Comment #7: The Opoponax  on  02/22  at  05:28 PM

I’m kind of with you on this one, Steve.

While I think it’s fair to say that the Academy hasn’t had a great track record of nominating POC, I really believe that this instance has less to do with the fact that Dev Patel and Freida Pinto are Indian and more to do with the fact that 6 months ago, nobody outside of Bollywood had ever heard of Dev Patel and Freida Pinto.

Look at the list of nominees this past decade and virtually every name on the list had some degree of household recognition in America (the country in which 99% of the Academy members are citizens and where the Academy itself is based) prior to the performance for which they were nominated.

I think the Academy’s bias in this case has more to do with the unfamiliarity with the Slumdog Millionaire cast than it does with their ethnic background.  If there were a bunch of other relatively unknown actors and actresses getting nominations in recent years and Patel and Pinto were still being ignored, the racial bias argument would have some more weight.

Comment #8: DTG in STL  on  02/22  at  05:42 PM

The other part of it, which I think is probably the real reason nobody, even the one actor in it who should be recognizable to Americans (Irfan Khan), was nominated, has to do with SAG issues.  SAG members nominate the actors, and due to union loyalty they’re unlikely to nominate anyone who isn’t in SAG.

That’s rather interesting, because the entire cast of Slumdog Millionaire won the 2008 SAG Award for Oustanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture.

Comment #9: DTG in STL  on  02/22  at  05:52 PM

Hm.  Maybe I was just wrong when I figured that had something to do with it.  I was chatting with a friend who was saying that actors in “foreign” films almost never get nominated, and I extrapolated from there that it might be a union issue. 

In that case, I’m really glad SAG came out and gave them that award collectively, because part of my frustration at not seeing anyone (even the token obvious person) nominated was that I thought the performances were spectacular.  In a really subtle and brilliant way that the Oscars don’t usually understand. 

In fact, one thing that annoys me about the performances likely to get someone an Oscar is the fact that a good actor should practically disappear within a film.  I don’t want to sit there and think, “hmmm, there’s that Dev Patel everyone is always talking about.  Yup, this is definitely a virtuoso performance!”  I want to get lost in the movie.  I want to forget that what I’m doing is sitting in a chair passively taking in a piece of art.  It’s Not Fucking About You, Sean Penn/Meryl Streep/Etc.  Not that I don’t like those actors, and yes, in some films a big showy performance is a good thing (this is probably why so many actors win for biopics).  But UGH!  Why can’t actors be appreciated for what good actors do best - making me forget they’re actors!

Comment #10: The Opoponax  on  02/22  at  06:07 PM

In that case, I’m really glad SAG came out and gave them that award collectively, because part of my frustration at not seeing anyone (even the token obvious person) nominated was that I thought the performances were spectacular.  In a really subtle and brilliant way that the Oscars don’t usually understand.

I’m really not much of a follower of the various movie awards, but when I looked it up and saw that it was given as a collective award for the whole cast, my first thought was, “Why in the hell doesn’t the Academy give a ‘Best Cast’ Award?”

Comment #11: DTG in STL  on  02/22  at  06:22 PM

Frankly, I thought the best performances in Slumdog Millionaire were from the youngest versions of the main characters, and I believe they had no prior experience in film (or outside of Mumbai, if I remember correctly).

Generally, I have a feeling that a very large group of minority actors are going to be getting high profile roles in this upcoming decade.  There’s just too many of them doing examplary work in television (The Wire, Lost).  I could be wrong, but I hope I’m not.

Opoponax, I kind of agree with you that a great performer should “disappear”, but I think it’s more that they should be generous to the other actors in their scenes.  The opposite of Robin Williams, basically, but it doesn’t have to be understated, just willing to live truthfully in the scene, regardless of where it may go.

Comment #12: NY Expat  on  02/22  at  08:10 PM

Umm, Dev Patel is British.  And Dev Patel was nominated for a BAFTA for his role in Slumdog Millionaire. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dev_Patel
He was also in the British TV series Skins

But to get back on the topic of GWTW. I read the book before I saw the movie, and the book was had more nuance about race relations.  The was one episode during the Reconstruction period were the wife of a union soldier asks Scarlet for a recommendation for a nanny, when Scarlet suggests that the woman hire a freed slave, the woman is upset that Scarlet would even suggest such a thing. 

But it’s been a very long time since I read the book last.

Comment #13: phinky  on  02/22  at  09:42 PM

The Opoponax:

Your friend is very much mistaken.

Several women and some men were nominated for performances in a foreign film. Because I am a giant geek, here is a list:

Sophia Loren won for The Women in 1960
Anouk Aimee forA Man and a Woman
Isabelle Adjani for The Story of Adele H
Liv Ullman for The Emigrants
Marie-Christine Barrault for Cousin, cousine
Liv Ullman for Face to Face
Isabelle Adjani for Camille Claudel
Catherine Deneuve for Indochine
Fernanda Montenegro for Central do Brasil
Catalino Sadino Moreno forMaria Full of Grace
Penelope Cruz for Volver
and of course, the winner last year, Marion Cottillard for La Vie en Rose

Marcello Mastroianni for Divorce, Italian Style
Marcello Mastroianni for A Special Day
Marcello Mastroianni for Dark Eyes
Max von Sydow for Pelle the Conqueror
Gerard Depardieu for Cyrano de Bergerac
Massimo Troisi for Il Postino
and in 1998 the winner was Roberto Benigni for Life Is Beautiful.

So, you can be nominated for an Academy Award, and even win, if you are French or Italian or of Spanish (probably not Native) descent. I look forward to some brown people being nominated. In fact, I predict that ten years from now, we will see brown, and yellow and multi-hued people both nominated and winning.

Comment #14: allison  on  02/23  at  01:23 AM
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